잘하다

Korean

Etymology

First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 잘ᄒᆞ다 (Yale: cal-hota). Univerbation of 잘 (jal, “well”) +‎ 하다 (hada, “to do”).

Pronunciation

(SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [t͡ɕa̠ɾɦa̠da̠]
Phonetic hangul: [잘하다]

Romanizations
Revised Romanization^?	jalhada
Revised Romanization (translit.)^?	jalhada
McCune–Reischauer^?	charhada
Yale Romanization^?	cal.hata

Verb

잘하다 • (jalhada) (infinitive 잘해 or 잘하여, sequential 잘하니)

(transitive) to do something well, to be good at
Antonym: 못하다 (mothada)
(intransitive) to be kind, to treat well

Usage notes

It is very commonly confused with 잘 하다 (jal hada).

공부 를 잘해요.

Gongbu-reul jalhaeyo.

He is good at studying.

공부 를 잘 하고 있어요.

Gongbu-reul jal hago isseoyo.

I am studying well now.

Conjugation

Selected forms of the verb 잘하다 (jalhada): vowel-stem, 하(ha)-irregular

Sentence-final forms
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	잘한다 jalhanda	잘해 jalhae	잘해요 jalhaeyo	잘합니다 jalhamnida
Indicative	Past	잘했다 jalhaetda	잘했어 jalhaesseo	잘했어요 jalhaesseoyo	잘했습니다 jalhaetseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	잘하느냐 jalhaneunya	잘해 jalhae	잘해요 jalhaeyo	잘합니까 jalhamnikka
Interrogative	Past	잘했느냐 jalhaenneunya	잘했어 jalhaesseo	잘했어요 jalhaesseoyo	잘했습니까 jalhaetseumnikka
Hortative		잘하자 jalhaja	잘해 jalhae	잘해요 jalhaeyo	잘하십시다 jalhasipsida
Imperative		잘해라, 잘하여라 jalhaera, jalhayeora	잘해 jalhae	잘해요 jalhaeyo	잘합시오 jalhapsio
Assertive		잘하겠다 jalhagetda	잘하겠어 jalhagesseo	잘하겠어요 jalhagesseoyo	잘하겠습니다 jalhagetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason		잘해 jalhae	잘해서, 잘하여서 jalhaeseo, jalhayeoseo	잘하니 jalhani	잘하니까 jalhanikka
Contrast		잘하지만 jalhajiman	잘하는데 jalhaneunde	잘하더니 jalhadeoni
Conjunction		잘하고 jalhago
Condition		잘하면 jalhamyeon	잘해야, 잘하여야 jalhaeya, jalhayeoya
Motive		잘하려고 jalharyeogo
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns		잘함 jalham	잘하기 jalhagi
Past-tense verbal nouns		잘했음, 잘하였음 jalhaesseum, jalhayeosseum	잘했기, 잘하였기 jalhaetgi, jalhayeotgi
Determiners	Past	잘한 jalhan
	Present	잘하는 jalhaneun
	Future	잘할 jalhal

Sentence-final forms with honorific
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	잘하신다 jalhasinda	잘하셔 jalhasyeo	잘하세요, 잘하셔요 jalhaseyo, jalhasyeoyo	잘하십니다 jalhasimnida
Indicative	Past	잘하셨다 jalhasyeotda	잘하셨어 jalhasyeosseo	잘하셨어요 jalhasyeosseoyo	잘하셨습니다 jalhasyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	잘하시느냐 jalhasineunya	잘하셔 jalhasyeo	잘하세요, 잘하셔요 jalhaseyo, jalhasyeoyo	잘하십니까 jalhasimnikka
Interrogative	Past	잘하셨느냐 jalhasyeonneunya	잘하셨어 jalhasyeosseo	잘하셨어요 jalhasyeosseoyo	잘하셨습니까 jalhasyeotseumnikka
Imperative		잘하시라 jalhasira	잘하셔 jalhasyeo	잘하세요 jalhaseyo	잘하십시오 jalhasipsio
Assertive		잘하시겠다 jalhasigetda	잘하시겠어 jalhasigesseo	잘하시겠어요 jalhasigesseoyo	잘하시겠습니다 jalhasigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason		잘하셔 jalhasyeo	잘하셔서 jalhasyeoseo	잘하시니 jalhasini	잘하시니까 jalhasinikka
Contrast		잘하시지만 jalhasijiman	잘하시는데 jalhasineunde	잘하시더니 jalhasideoni
Conjunction		잘하시고 jalhasigo
Condition		잘하시면 jalhasimyeon	잘하셔야 jalhasyeoya
Motive		잘하시려고 jalhasiryeogo
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns		잘하심 jalhasim	잘하시기 jalhasigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		잘하셨음 jalhasyeosseum	잘하셨기 jalhasyeotgi
Determiners	Past	잘하신 jalhasin
	Present	잘하시는 jalhasineun
	Future	잘하실 jalhasil

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