응하다
Korean
Etymology
응(應) (eung, “answer”, Sino-Korean morpheme) + 하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving active verbs).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ˈɯ(ː)ŋɦa̠da̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [응(ː)하다]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | eunghada |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | eunghada |
| McCune–Reischauer? | ŭnghada |
| Yale Romanization? | ūnghata |
Verb
응하다 • (eunghada) (infinitive 응해 or 응하여, sequential 응하니)
Conjugation
Selected forms of the verb 응하다 (eunghada): vowel-stem, 하(ha)-irregular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 응한다 eunghanda |
응해 eunghae |
응해요 eunghaeyo |
응합니다 eunghamnida |
| Past | 응했다 eunghaetda |
응했어 eunghaesseo |
응했어요 eunghaesseoyo |
응했습니다 eunghaetseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 응하느냐 eunghaneunya |
응해 eunghae |
응해요 eunghaeyo |
응합니까 eunghamnikka |
| Past | 응했느냐 eunghaenneunya |
응했어 eunghaesseo |
응했어요 eunghaesseoyo |
응했습니까 eunghaetseumnikka | |
| Hortative | 응하자 eunghaja | 응해 eunghae | 응해요 eunghaeyo | 응하십시다 eunghasipsida | |
| Imperative | 응해라, 응하여라 eunghaera, eunghayeora | 응해 eunghae | 응해요 eunghaeyo | 응합시오 eunghapsio | |
| Assertive | 응하겠다 eunghagetda | 응하겠어 eunghagesseo | 응하겠어요 eunghagesseoyo | 응하겠습니다 eunghagetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 응해 eunghae | 응해서, 응하여서 eunghaeseo, eunghayeoseo | 응하니 eunghani | 응하니까 eunghanikka | |
| Contrast | 응하지만 eunghajiman | 응하는데 eunghaneunde | 응하더니 eunghadeoni | ||
| Conjunction | 응하고 eunghago | ||||
| Condition | 응하면 eunghamyeon | 응해야, 응하여야 eunghaeya, eunghayeoya | |||
| Motive | 응하려고 eungharyeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 응함 eungham | 응하기 eunghagi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 응했음, 응하였음 eunghaesseum, eunghayeosseum | 응했기, 응하였기 eunghaetgi, eunghayeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 응한 eunghan | |||
| Present | 응하는 eunghaneun | ||||
| Future | 응할 eunghal | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 응하신다 eunghasinda |
응하셔 eunghasyeo |
응하세요, 응하셔요 eunghaseyo, eunghasyeoyo |
응하십니다 eunghasimnida |
| Past | 응하셨다 eunghasyeotda |
응하셨어 eunghasyeosseo |
응하셨어요 eunghasyeosseoyo |
응하셨습니다 eunghasyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 응하시느냐 eunghasineunya |
응하셔 eunghasyeo |
응하세요, 응하셔요 eunghaseyo, eunghasyeoyo |
응하십니까 eunghasimnikka |
| Past | 응하셨느냐 eunghasyeonneunya |
응하셨어 eunghasyeosseo |
응하셨어요 eunghasyeosseoyo |
응하셨습니까 eunghasyeotseumnikka | |
| Imperative | 응하시라 eunghasira | 응하셔 eunghasyeo | 응하세요 eunghaseyo | 응하십시오 eunghasipsio | |
| Assertive | 응하시겠다 eunghasigetda | 응하시겠어 eunghasigesseo | 응하시겠어요 eunghasigesseoyo | 응하시겠습니다 eunghasigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 응하셔 eunghasyeo | 응하셔서 eunghasyeoseo | 응하시니 eunghasini | 응하시니까 eunghasinikka | |
| Contrast | 응하시지만 eunghasijiman | 응하시는데 eunghasineunde | 응하시더니 eunghasideoni | ||
| Conjunction | 응하시고 eunghasigo | ||||
| Condition | 응하시면 eunghasimyeon | 응하셔야 eunghasyeoya | |||
| Motive | 응하시려고 eunghasiryeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 응하심 eunghasim | 응하시기 eunghasigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 응하셨음 eunghasyeosseum | 응하셨기 eunghasyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 응하신 eunghasin | |||
| Present | 응하시는 eunghasineun | ||||
| Future | 응하실 eunghasil | ||||
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