으르다

Korean

Etymology 1

First attested in the Worin seokbo (月印釋譜 / 월인석보), 1459, as Middle Korean 우르다〮 (Yale: wùlùtá), meaning "to roar".

Pronunciation

(SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ɯɾɯda̠]
Phonetic hangul: [으르다]

Romanizations
Revised Romanization^?	eureuda
Revised Romanization (translit.)^?	euleuda
McCune–Reischauer^?	ŭrŭda
Yale Romanization^?	uluta

Verb

으르다 • (eureuda) (infinitive 을러, sequential 으르니)

(transitive) to menace, to intimidate, to threaten
Synonyms: 위협하다 (wihyeophada), 으름장하다 (eureumjanghada), 협박하다 (hyeopbakhada)
(North Korea, intransitive) to cry loudly and intimidatingly (of animals)

Conjugation

Selected forms of the verb 으르다 (eureuda): vowel-stem, 르(reu)-irregular

Sentence-final forms
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	으른다 eureunda	을러 eulleo	을러요 eulleoyo	으릅니다 eureumnida
Indicative	Past	을렀다 eulleotda	을렀어 eulleosseo	을렀어요 eulleosseoyo	을렀습니다 eulleotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	으르느냐 eureuneunya	을러 eulleo	을러요 eulleoyo	으릅니까 eureumnikka
Interrogative	Past	을렀느냐 eulleonneunya	을렀어 eulleosseo	을렀어요 eulleosseoyo	을렀습니까 eulleotseumnikka
Hortative		으르자 eureuja	을러 eulleo	을러요 eulleoyo	으르십시다 eureusipsida
Imperative		을러라 eulleora	을러 eulleo	을러요 eulleoyo	으릅시오 eureupsio
Assertive		으르겠다 eureugetda	으르겠어 eureugesseo	으르겠어요 eureugesseoyo	으르겠습니다 eureugetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason		을러 eulleo	을러서 eulleoseo	으르니 eureuni	으르니까 eureunikka
Contrast		으르지만 eureujiman	으르는데 eureuneunde	으르더니 eureudeoni
Conjunction		으르고 eureugo
Condition		으르면 eureumyeon	을러야 eulleoya
Motive		으르려고 eureuryeogo
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns		으름 eureum	으르기 eureugi
Past-tense verbal nouns		을렀음 eulleosseum	을렀기 eulleotgi
Determiners	Past	으른 eureun
	Present	으르는 eureuneun
	Future	으를 eureul

Sentence-final forms with honorific
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	으르신다 eureusinda	으르셔 eureusyeo	으르세요, 으르셔요 eureuseyo, eureusyeoyo	으르십니다 eureusimnida
Indicative	Past	으르셨다 eureusyeotda	으르셨어 eureusyeosseo	으르셨어요 eureusyeosseoyo	으르셨습니다 eureusyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	으르시느냐 eureusineunya	으르셔 eureusyeo	으르세요, 으르셔요 eureuseyo, eureusyeoyo	으르십니까 eureusimnikka
Interrogative	Past	으르셨느냐 eureusyeonneunya	으르셨어 eureusyeosseo	으르셨어요 eureusyeosseoyo	으르셨습니까 eureusyeotseumnikka
Imperative		으르시라 eureusira	으르셔 eureusyeo	으르세요 eureuseyo	으르십시오 eureusipsio
Assertive		으르시겠다 eureusigetda	으르시겠어 eureusigesseo	으르시겠어요 eureusigesseoyo	으르시겠습니다 eureusigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason		으르셔 eureusyeo	으르셔서 eureusyeoseo	으르시니 eureusini	으르시니까 eureusinikka
Contrast		으르시지만 eureusijiman	으르시는데 eureusineunde	으르시더니 eureusideoni
Conjunction		으르시고 eureusigo
Condition		으르시면 eureusimyeon	으르셔야 eureusyeoya
Motive		으르시려고 eureusiryeogo
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns		으르심 eureusim	으르시기 eureusigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		으르셨음 eureusyeosseum	으르셨기 eureusyeotgi
Determiners	Past	으르신 eureusin
	Present	으르시는 eureusineun
	Future	으르실 eureusil

Derived terms

으르대다 (eureudaeda)
으름장 (eureumjang)
을근거리다 (eulgeun'georida)
을근대다 (eulgeundaeda)
을근을근 (eulgeuneulgeun)
을러대다 (eulleodaeda)
을러메다 (eulleomeda)
을러방망이 (eulleobangmang'i)

Etymology 2

Of native Korean origin. Compare 으깨다 (eukkaeda).

Pronunciation

(SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ɯɾɯda̠]
Phonetic hangul: [으르다]

Romanizations
Revised Romanization^?	eureuda
Revised Romanization (translit.)^?	euleuda
McCune–Reischauer^?	ŭrŭda
Yale Romanization^?	uluta

Verb

으르다 • (eureuda) (infinitive 을러, sequential 으르니)

(transitive) to grind or crush (soaked rice with a stick)

Conjugation

Selected forms of the verb 으르다 (eureuda): vowel-stem, 르(reu)-irregular

Sentence-final forms
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	으른다 eureunda	을러 eulleo	을러요 eulleoyo	으릅니다 eureumnida
Indicative	Past	을렀다 eulleotda	을렀어 eulleosseo	을렀어요 eulleosseoyo	을렀습니다 eulleotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	으르느냐 eureuneunya	을러 eulleo	을러요 eulleoyo	으릅니까 eureumnikka
Interrogative	Past	을렀느냐 eulleonneunya	을렀어 eulleosseo	을렀어요 eulleosseoyo	을렀습니까 eulleotseumnikka
Hortative		으르자 eureuja	을러 eulleo	을러요 eulleoyo	으르십시다 eureusipsida
Imperative		을러라 eulleora	을러 eulleo	을러요 eulleoyo	으릅시오 eureupsio
Assertive		으르겠다 eureugetda	으르겠어 eureugesseo	으르겠어요 eureugesseoyo	으르겠습니다 eureugetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason		을러 eulleo	을러서 eulleoseo	으르니 eureuni	으르니까 eureunikka
Contrast		으르지만 eureujiman	으르는데 eureuneunde	으르더니 eureudeoni
Conjunction		으르고 eureugo
Condition		으르면 eureumyeon	을러야 eulleoya
Motive		으르려고 eureuryeogo
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns		으름 eureum	으르기 eureugi
Past-tense verbal nouns		을렀음 eulleosseum	을렀기 eulleotgi
Determiners	Past	으른 eureun
	Present	으르는 eureuneun
	Future	으를 eureul

Sentence-final forms with honorific
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	으르신다 eureusinda	으르셔 eureusyeo	으르세요, 으르셔요 eureuseyo, eureusyeoyo	으르십니다 eureusimnida
Indicative	Past	으르셨다 eureusyeotda	으르셨어 eureusyeosseo	으르셨어요 eureusyeosseoyo	으르셨습니다 eureusyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	으르시느냐 eureusineunya	으르셔 eureusyeo	으르세요, 으르셔요 eureuseyo, eureusyeoyo	으르십니까 eureusimnikka
Interrogative	Past	으르셨느냐 eureusyeonneunya	으르셨어 eureusyeosseo	으르셨어요 eureusyeosseoyo	으르셨습니까 eureusyeotseumnikka
Imperative		으르시라 eureusira	으르셔 eureusyeo	으르세요 eureuseyo	으르십시오 eureusipsio
Assertive		으르시겠다 eureusigetda	으르시겠어 eureusigesseo	으르시겠어요 eureusigesseoyo	으르시겠습니다 eureusigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason		으르셔 eureusyeo	으르셔서 eureusyeoseo	으르시니 eureusini	으르시니까 eureusinikka
Contrast		으르시지만 eureusijiman	으르시는데 eureusineunde	으르시더니 eureusideoni
Conjunction		으르시고 eureusigo
Condition		으르시면 eureusimyeon	으르셔야 eureusyeoya
Motive		으르시려고 eureusiryeogo
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns		으르심 eureusim	으르시기 eureusigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		으르셨음 eureusyeosseum	으르셨기 eureusyeotgi
Determiners	Past	으르신 eureusin
	Present	으르시는 eureusineun
	Future	으르실 eureusil

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