서약하다
Korean
Etymology
서약(誓約) (seoyak) + 하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving active verbs).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ˈsʰɘ(ː)ja̠kʰa̠da̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [서(ː)야카다]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | seoyakhada |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | seoyaghada |
| McCune–Reischauer? | sŏyakhada |
| Yale Romanization? | sē.yak.hata |
Verb
서약하다 • (seoyakhada) (infinitive 서약해 or 서약하여, sequential 서약하니)
Conjugation
Selected forms of the verb 서약하다 (seoyakhada): vowel-stem, 하(ha)-irregular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 서약한다 seoyakhanda |
서약해 seoyakhae |
서약해요 seoyakhaeyo |
서약합니다 seoyakhamnida |
| Past | 서약했다 seoyakhaetda |
서약했어 seoyakhaesseo |
서약했어요 seoyakhaesseoyo |
서약했습니다 seoyakhaetseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 서약하느냐 seoyakhaneunya |
서약해 seoyakhae |
서약해요 seoyakhaeyo |
서약합니까 seoyakhamnikka |
| Past | 서약했느냐 seoyakhaenneunya |
서약했어 seoyakhaesseo |
서약했어요 seoyakhaesseoyo |
서약했습니까 seoyakhaetseumnikka | |
| Hortative | 서약하자 seoyakhaja | 서약해 seoyakhae | 서약해요 seoyakhaeyo | 서약하십시다 seoyakhasipsida | |
| Imperative | 서약해라, 서약하여라 seoyakhaera, seoyakhayeora | 서약해 seoyakhae | 서약해요 seoyakhaeyo | 서약합시오 seoyakhapsio | |
| Assertive | 서약하겠다 seoyakhagetda | 서약하겠어 seoyakhagesseo | 서약하겠어요 seoyakhagesseoyo | 서약하겠습니다 seoyakhagetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 서약해 seoyakhae | 서약해서, 서약하여서 seoyakhaeseo, seoyakhayeoseo | 서약하니 seoyakhani | 서약하니까 seoyakhanikka | |
| Contrast | 서약하지만 seoyakhajiman | 서약하는데 seoyakhaneunde | 서약하더니 seoyakhadeoni | ||
| Conjunction | 서약하고 seoyakhago | ||||
| Condition | 서약하면 seoyakhamyeon | 서약해야, 서약하여야 seoyakhaeya, seoyakhayeoya | |||
| Motive | 서약하려고 seoyakharyeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 서약함 seoyakham | 서약하기 seoyakhagi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 서약했음, 서약하였음 seoyakhaesseum, seoyakhayeosseum | 서약했기, 서약하였기 seoyakhaetgi, seoyakhayeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 서약한 seoyakhan | |||
| Present | 서약하는 seoyakhaneun | ||||
| Future | 서약할 seoyakhal | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 서약하신다 seoyakhasinda |
서약하셔 seoyakhasyeo |
서약하세요, 서약하셔요 seoyakhaseyo, seoyakhasyeoyo |
서약하십니다 seoyakhasimnida |
| Past | 서약하셨다 seoyakhasyeotda |
서약하셨어 seoyakhasyeosseo |
서약하셨어요 seoyakhasyeosseoyo |
서약하셨습니다 seoyakhasyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 서약하시느냐 seoyakhasineunya |
서약하셔 seoyakhasyeo |
서약하세요, 서약하셔요 seoyakhaseyo, seoyakhasyeoyo |
서약하십니까 seoyakhasimnikka |
| Past | 서약하셨느냐 seoyakhasyeonneunya |
서약하셨어 seoyakhasyeosseo |
서약하셨어요 seoyakhasyeosseoyo |
서약하셨습니까 seoyakhasyeotseumnikka | |
| Imperative | 서약하시라 seoyakhasira | 서약하셔 seoyakhasyeo | 서약하세요 seoyakhaseyo | 서약하십시오 seoyakhasipsio | |
| Assertive | 서약하시겠다 seoyakhasigetda | 서약하시겠어 seoyakhasigesseo | 서약하시겠어요 seoyakhasigesseoyo | 서약하시겠습니다 seoyakhasigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 서약하셔 seoyakhasyeo | 서약하셔서 seoyakhasyeoseo | 서약하시니 seoyakhasini | 서약하시니까 seoyakhasinikka | |
| Contrast | 서약하시지만 seoyakhasijiman | 서약하시는데 seoyakhasineunde | 서약하시더니 seoyakhasideoni | ||
| Conjunction | 서약하시고 seoyakhasigo | ||||
| Condition | 서약하시면 seoyakhasimyeon | 서약하셔야 seoyakhasyeoya | |||
| Motive | 서약하시려고 seoyakhasiryeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 서약하심 seoyakhasim | 서약하시기 seoyakhasigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 서약하셨음 seoyakhasyeosseum | 서약하셨기 seoyakhasyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 서약하신 seoyakhasin | |||
| Present | 서약하시는 seoyakhasineun | ||||
| Future | 서약하실 seoyakhasil | ||||
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