부지런하다

Korean

Etymology

First attested in the Worin seokbo (月印釋譜 / 월인석보), 1459, as Middle Korean 브즈런ᄒᆞ다〮 (Yale: pùcùlèn-hòtá).

부지런 (bujireon) +‎ 하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving adjectives).

Pronunciation

(SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [pud͡ʑiɾʌ̹nɦa̠da̠]
Phonetic hangul: [부지런하다]

Romanizations
Revised Romanization^?	bujireonhada
Revised Romanization (translit.)^?	bujileonhada
McCune–Reischauer^?	pujirŏnhada
Yale Romanization^?	pucilen.hata

Adjective

부지런하다 • (bujireonhada) (infinitive 부지런해 or 부지런하여, sequential 부지런하니)

to be hard-working, to be industrious
Antonym: 게으르다 (geeureuda, “to be lazy”)

Conjugation

Selected forms of the adjective 부지런하다 (bujireonhada): vowel-stem, 하(ha)-irregular

Sentence-final forms
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	부지런하다 bujireonhada	부지런해 bujireonhae	부지런해요 bujireonhaeyo	부지런합니다 bujireonhamnida
Indicative	Past	부지런했다 bujireonhaetda	부지런했어 bujireonhaesseo	부지런했어요 bujireonhaesseoyo	부지런했습니다 bujireonhaetseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	부지런하냐 bujireonhanya	부지런해 bujireonhae	부지런해요 bujireonhaeyo	부지런합니까 bujireonhamnikka
Interrogative	Past	부지런했냐 bujireonhaennya	부지런했어 bujireonhaesseo	부지런했어요 bujireonhaesseoyo	부지런했습니까 bujireonhaetseumnikka
Assertive		부지런하겠다 bujireonhagetda	부지런하겠어 bujireonhagesseo	부지런하겠어요 bujireonhagesseoyo	부지런하겠습니다 bujireonhagetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason		부지런해 bujireonhae	부지런해서, 부지런하여서 bujireonhaeseo, bujireonhayeoseo	부지런하니 bujireonhani	부지런하니까 bujireonhanikka
Contrast		부지런하지만 bujireonhajiman	부지런한데 bujireonhande	부지런하더니 bujireonhadeoni
Conjunction		부지런하고 bujireonhago
Condition		부지런하면 bujireonhamyeon	부지런해야, 부지런하여야 bujireonhaeya, bujireonhayeoya
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns		부지런함 bujireonham	부지런하기 bujireonhagi
Past-tense verbal nouns		부지런했음, 부지런하였음 bujireonhaesseum, bujireonhayeosseum	부지런했기, 부지런하였기 bujireonhaetgi, bujireonhayeotgi
Determiners	Present		부지런한 bujireonhan
Determiners	Future		부지런할 bujireonhal

Sentence-final forms with honorific
		Plain (해라체)	Informal (해체)	Polite (해요체)	Formal (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	부지런하시다 bujireonhasida	부지런하셔 bujireonhasyeo	부지런하세요, 부지런하셔요 bujireonhaseyo, bujireonhasyeoyo	부지런하십니다 bujireonhasimnida
Indicative	Past	부지런하셨다 bujireonhasyeotda	부지런하셨어 bujireonhasyeosseo	부지런하셨어요 bujireonhasyeosseoyo	부지런하셨습니다 bujireonhasyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	부지런하시냐 bujireonhasinya	부지런하셔 bujireonhasyeo	부지런하세요, 부지런하셔요 bujireonhaseyo, bujireonhasyeoyo	부지런하십니까 bujireonhasimnikka
Interrogative	Past	부지런하셨냐 bujireonhasyeonnya	부지런하셨어 bujireonhasyeosseo	부지런하셨어요 bujireonhasyeosseoyo	부지런하셨습니까 bujireonhasyeotseumnikka
Assertive		부지런하시겠다 bujireonhasigetda	부지런하시겠어 bujireonhasigesseo	부지런하시겠어요 bujireonhasigesseoyo	부지런하시겠습니다 bujireonhasigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason		부지런하셔 bujireonhasyeo	부지런하셔서 bujireonhasyeoseo	부지런하시니 bujireonhasini	부지런하시니까 bujireonhasinikka
Contrast		부지런하시지만 bujireonhasijiman	부지런하신데 bujireonhasinde	부지런하시더니 bujireonhasideoni
Conjunction		부지런하시고 bujireonhasigo
Condition		부지런하시면 bujireonhasimyeon	부지런하셔야 bujireonhasyeoya
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns		부지런하심 bujireonhasim	부지런하시기 bujireonhasigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		부지런하셨음 bujireonhasyeosseum	부지런하셨기 bujireonhasyeotgi
Determiners	Present		부지런하신 bujireonhasin
Determiners	Future		부지런하실 bujireonhasil

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