부끄럽다
Korean
Etymology
First attested in the Eoje naehun, (御製內訓 / 어제내훈), 1475 , as Middle Korean 붓그럽다 (Yale: pwus.kulepta). From Old Korean 慚肸伊 (*PWUskuli).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [puk͈ɯɾʌ̹p̚t͈a̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [부끄럽따]
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | bukkeureopda |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | bu'kkeuleobda |
| McCune–Reischauer? | pukkŭrŏpta |
| Yale Romanization? | pu.kkulepta |
Conjugation
Selected forms of the adjective 부끄럽다 (bukkeureopda): consonant-stem, ㅂ(b)-irregular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 부끄럽다 bukkeureopda |
부끄러워 bukkeureowo |
부끄러워요 bukkeureowoyo |
부끄럽습니다 bukkeureopseumnida |
| Past | 부끄러웠다 bukkeureowotda |
부끄러웠어 bukkeureowosseo |
부끄러웠어요 bukkeureowosseoyo |
부끄러웠습니다 bukkeureowotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 부끄러우냐 bukkeureounya |
부끄러워 bukkeureowo |
부끄러워요 bukkeureowoyo |
부끄럽습니까 bukkeureopseumnikka |
| Past | 부끄러웠냐 bukkeureowonnya |
부끄러웠어 bukkeureowosseo |
부끄러웠어요 bukkeureowosseoyo |
부끄러웠습니까 bukkeureowotseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 부끄럽겠다 bukkeureopgetda | 부끄럽겠어 bukkeureopgesseo | 부끄럽겠어요 bukkeureopgesseoyo | 부끄럽겠습니다 bukkeureopgetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 부끄러워 bukkeureowo | 부끄러워서 bukkeureowoseo | 부끄러우니 bukkeureouni | 부끄러우니까 bukkeureounikka | |
| Contrast | 부끄럽지만 bukkeureopjiman | 부끄러운데 bukkeureounde | 부끄럽더니 bukkeureopdeoni | ||
| Conjunction | 부끄럽고 bukkeureopgo | ||||
| Condition | 부끄러우면 bukkeureoumyeon | 부끄러워야 bukkeureowoya | |||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 부끄러움 bukkeureoum | 부끄럽기 bukkeureopgi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 부끄러웠음 bukkeureowosseum | 부끄러웠기 bukkeureowotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 부끄러운 bukkeureoun | |||
| Future | 부끄러울 bukkeureoul | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plain (해라체) | Informal (해체) | Polite (해요체) | Formal (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 부끄러우시다 bukkeureousida |
부끄러우셔 bukkeureousyeo |
부끄러우세요, 부끄러우셔요 bukkeureouseyo, bukkeureousyeoyo |
부끄러우십니다 bukkeureousimnida |
| Past | 부끄러우셨다 bukkeureousyeotda |
부끄러우셨어 bukkeureousyeosseo |
부끄러우셨어요 bukkeureousyeosseoyo |
부끄러우셨습니다 bukkeureousyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 부끄러우시냐 bukkeureousinya |
부끄러우셔 bukkeureousyeo |
부끄러우세요, 부끄러우셔요 bukkeureouseyo, bukkeureousyeoyo |
부끄러우십니까 bukkeureousimnikka |
| Past | 부끄러우셨냐 bukkeureousyeonnya |
부끄러우셨어 bukkeureousyeosseo |
부끄러우셨어요 bukkeureousyeosseoyo |
부끄러우셨습니까 bukkeureousyeotseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 부끄러우시겠다 bukkeureousigetda | 부끄러우시겠어 bukkeureousigesseo | 부끄러우시겠어요 bukkeureousigesseoyo | 부끄러우시겠습니다 bukkeureousigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 부끄러우셔 bukkeureousyeo | 부끄러우셔서 bukkeureousyeoseo | 부끄러우시니 bukkeureousini | 부끄러우시니까 bukkeureousinikka | |
| Contrast | 부끄러우시지만 bukkeureousijiman | 부끄러우신데 bukkeureousinde | 부끄러우시더니 bukkeureousideoni | ||
| Conjunction | 부끄러우시고 bukkeureousigo | ||||
| Condition | 부끄러우시면 bukkeureousimyeon | 부끄러우셔야 bukkeureousyeoya | |||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 부끄러우심 bukkeureousim | 부끄러우시기 bukkeureousigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 부끄러우셨음 bukkeureousyeosseum | 부끄러우셨기 bukkeureousyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 부끄러우신 bukkeureousin | |||
| Future | 부끄러우실 bukkeureousil | ||||
Derived terms
- 부끄부끄 (bukkeubukkeu)
See also
- 부끄리다 (bukkeurida)
References
- Martin, Samuel E., Yang Ha Lee, Sung-Un Chang (1975) A Korean-English Dictionary, New Haven: Yale University Press, page 810.
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