놀랍다
Korean
Etymology
First attested in the Neung'eomgyeong eonhae (楞嚴經諺解 / 능엄경언해), 1461, as Middle Korean 놀랍다 (Yale: nwollapta).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ˈno̞(ː)ɭɭa̠p̚t͈a̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [놀(ː)랍따]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | nollapda |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | nollabda |
| McCune–Reischauer? | nollapta |
| Yale Romanization? | nōllapta |
Adjective
놀랍다 • (nollapda) (irregular, infinitive 놀라워, sequential 놀라우니)
- to be surprising
- To be amazing
- To be astonishing
Conjugation
Selected forms of the adjective 놀랍다 (nollapda): consonant-stem, ㅂ(b)-irregular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 놀랍다 nollapda |
놀라워 nollawo |
놀라워요 nollawoyo |
놀랍습니다 nollapseumnida |
| Past | 놀라웠다 nollawotda |
놀라웠어 nollawosseo |
놀라웠어요 nollawosseoyo |
놀라웠습니다 nollawotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 놀라우냐 nollaunya |
놀라워 nollawo |
놀라워요 nollawoyo |
놀랍습니까 nollapseumnikka |
| Past | 놀라웠냐 nollawonnya |
놀라웠어 nollawosseo |
놀라웠어요 nollawosseoyo |
놀라웠습니까 nollawotseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 놀랍겠다 nollapgetda | 놀랍겠어 nollapgesseo | 놀랍겠어요 nollapgesseoyo | 놀랍겠습니다 nollapgetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 놀라워 nollawo | 놀라워서 nollawoseo | 놀라우니 nollauni | 놀라우니까 nollaunikka | |
| Contrast | 놀랍지만 nollapjiman | 놀라운데 nollaunde | 놀랍더니 nollapdeoni | ||
| Conjunction | 놀랍고 nollapgo | ||||
| Condition | 놀라우면 nollaumyeon | 놀라워야 nollawoya | |||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 놀라움 nollaum | 놀랍기 nollapgi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 놀라웠음 nollawosseum | 놀라웠기 nollawotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 놀라운 nollaun | |||
| Future | 놀라울 nollaul | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plain (해라체) | Informal (해체) | Polite (해요체) | Formal (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 놀라우시다 nollausida |
놀라우셔 nollausyeo |
놀라우세요, 놀라우셔요 nollauseyo, nollausyeoyo |
놀라우십니다 nollausimnida |
| Past | 놀라우셨다 nollausyeotda |
놀라우셨어 nollausyeosseo |
놀라우셨어요 nollausyeosseoyo |
놀라우셨습니다 nollausyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 놀라우시냐 nollausinya |
놀라우셔 nollausyeo |
놀라우세요, 놀라우셔요 nollauseyo, nollausyeoyo |
놀라우십니까 nollausimnikka |
| Past | 놀라우셨냐 nollausyeonnya |
놀라우셨어 nollausyeosseo |
놀라우셨어요 nollausyeosseoyo |
놀라우셨습니까 nollausyeotseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 놀라우시겠다 nollausigetda | 놀라우시겠어 nollausigesseo | 놀라우시겠어요 nollausigesseoyo | 놀라우시겠습니다 nollausigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 놀라우셔 nollausyeo | 놀라우셔서 nollausyeoseo | 놀라우시니 nollausini | 놀라우시니까 nollausinikka | |
| Contrast | 놀라우시지만 nollausijiman | 놀라우신데 nollausinde | 놀라우시더니 nollausideoni | ||
| Conjunction | 놀라우시고 nollausigo | ||||
| Condition | 놀라우시면 nollausimyeon | 놀라우셔야 nollausyeoya | |||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 놀라우심 nollausim | 놀라우시기 nollausigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 놀라우셨음 nollausyeosseum | 놀라우셨기 nollausyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 놀라우신 nollausin | |||
| Future | 놀라우실 nollausil | ||||
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