갑작스럽다
Korean
Etymology
갑작 (gapjak, root) + 스럽다 (-seureopda). Ablaut form: 급작스럽다 (geupjakseureopda).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ka̠p̚t͡ɕ͈a̠ks͈ɯɾʌ̹p̚t͈a̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [갑짝쓰럽따]
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | gapjakseureopda |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | gabjagseuleobda |
| McCune–Reischauer? | kapchaksŭrŏpta |
| Yale Romanization? | kapcak.sulepta |
Adjective
갑작스럽다 • (gapjakseureopda) (infinitive 갑작스러워, sequential 갑작스러우니)
- to be sudden, abrupt, unexpected
Conjugation
Selected forms of the adjective 갑작스럽다 (gapjakseureopda): consonant-stem, ㅂ(b)-irregular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 갑작스럽다 gapjakseureopda |
갑작스러워 gapjakseureowo |
갑작스러워요 gapjakseureowoyo |
갑작스럽습니다 gapjakseureopseumnida |
| Past | 갑작스러웠다 gapjakseureowotda |
갑작스러웠어 gapjakseureowosseo |
갑작스러웠어요 gapjakseureowosseoyo |
갑작스러웠습니다 gapjakseureowotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 갑작스러우냐 gapjakseureounya |
갑작스러워 gapjakseureowo |
갑작스러워요 gapjakseureowoyo |
갑작스럽습니까 gapjakseureopseumnikka |
| Past | 갑작스러웠냐 gapjakseureowonnya |
갑작스러웠어 gapjakseureowosseo |
갑작스러웠어요 gapjakseureowosseoyo |
갑작스러웠습니까 gapjakseureowotseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 갑작스럽겠다 gapjakseureopgetda | 갑작스럽겠어 gapjakseureopgesseo | 갑작스럽겠어요 gapjakseureopgesseoyo | 갑작스럽겠습니다 gapjakseureopgetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 갑작스러워 gapjakseureowo | 갑작스러워서 gapjakseureowoseo | 갑작스러우니 gapjakseureouni | 갑작스러우니까 gapjakseureounikka | |
| Contrast | 갑작스럽지만 gapjakseureopjiman | 갑작스러운데 gapjakseureounde | 갑작스럽더니 gapjakseureopdeoni | ||
| Conjunction | 갑작스럽고 gapjakseureopgo | ||||
| Condition | 갑작스러우면 gapjakseureoumyeon | 갑작스러워야 gapjakseureowoya | |||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 갑작스러움 gapjakseureoum | 갑작스럽기 gapjakseureopgi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 갑작스러웠음 gapjakseureowosseum | 갑작스러웠기 gapjakseureowotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 갑작스러운 gapjakseureoun | |||
| Future | 갑작스러울 gapjakseureoul | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plain (해라체) | Informal (해체) | Polite (해요체) | Formal (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 갑작스러우시다 gapjakseureousida |
갑작스러우셔 gapjakseureousyeo |
갑작스러우세요, 갑작스러우셔요 gapjakseureouseyo, gapjakseureousyeoyo |
갑작스러우십니다 gapjakseureousimnida |
| Past | 갑작스러우셨다 gapjakseureousyeotda |
갑작스러우셨어 gapjakseureousyeosseo |
갑작스러우셨어요 gapjakseureousyeosseoyo |
갑작스러우셨습니다 gapjakseureousyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 갑작스러우시냐 gapjakseureousinya |
갑작스러우셔 gapjakseureousyeo |
갑작스러우세요, 갑작스러우셔요 gapjakseureouseyo, gapjakseureousyeoyo |
갑작스러우십니까 gapjakseureousimnikka |
| Past | 갑작스러우셨냐 gapjakseureousyeonnya |
갑작스러우셨어 gapjakseureousyeosseo |
갑작스러우셨어요 gapjakseureousyeosseoyo |
갑작스러우셨습니까 gapjakseureousyeotseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 갑작스러우시겠다 gapjakseureousigetda | 갑작스러우시겠어 gapjakseureousigesseo | 갑작스러우시겠어요 gapjakseureousigesseoyo | 갑작스러우시겠습니다 gapjakseureousigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 갑작스러우셔 gapjakseureousyeo | 갑작스러우셔서 gapjakseureousyeoseo | 갑작스러우시니 gapjakseureousini | 갑작스러우시니까 gapjakseureousinikka | |
| Contrast | 갑작스러우시지만 gapjakseureousijiman | 갑작스러우신데 gapjakseureousinde | 갑작스러우시더니 gapjakseureousideoni | ||
| Conjunction | 갑작스러우시고 gapjakseureousigo | ||||
| Condition | 갑작스러우시면 gapjakseureousimyeon | 갑작스러우셔야 gapjakseureousyeoya | |||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 갑작스러우심 gapjakseureousim | 갑작스러우시기 gapjakseureousigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 갑작스러우셨음 gapjakseureousyeosseum | 갑작스러우셨기 gapjakseureousyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 갑작스러우신 gapjakseureousin | |||
| Future | 갑작스러우실 gapjakseureousil | ||||
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