霊屋

Japanese

Etymology 1
Kanji in this term
霊 屋
たま
Grade: S		 や
Grade: 3
kun’yomi
Alternative spelling
靈屋 (kyūjitai)

Compound of 霊 (tama, “soul, essence, life force”) +‎ 屋 (ya, “house; building”).[1][2][3] First appears in the 1000s.[1][4]

The term appears to be a shift in usage from the earlier terms 殯宮 (mogari no miya, araki no miya, literally “wake or mourning shrine”) and 喪屋 (moya, literally “funerary house”) seen in the Nihon Shoki of 720 CE.[4]

Alternative forms
  • 魂屋 (uncommon)

Pronunciation
  • (Tokyo) たま​や [tàmáꜜyà] (Nakadaka – [2])[2]
  • IPA(key): [ta̠ma̠ja̠]

Noun

霊(たま)屋(や) • (tamaya) 

  1. (Shinto) a shrine dedicated to a specific individual
    Synonyms: 霊廟 (reibyō), 霊殿 (tamadono), (see below) 霊屋 (reioku)
    日(にっ)光(こう)東(とう)照(しょう)宮(ぐう)は霊(たま)屋(や)の一(いち)例(れい)です。
    Nikkō Tōshōgū wa tamaya no ichirei desu.
    The Nikkō Tōshōgū is one example of a tamaya, a shrine dedicated to an individual.
  2. (Shinto) a place where the remains of the dead are kept temporarily during a period of mourning, prior to burial at a formal funeral
    Synonym: 霊殿 (tamadono)
  3. (Shinto) a roof placed over a grave, sometimes built to shelter offerings, incense, and the like from the elements
    Synonym: 上屋 (uwaya)

Etymology 2
Kanji in this term
霊 屋
れい
Grade: S		 おく
Grade: 3
kan’on
Alternative spelling
靈屋 (kyūjitai)

Likely from Middle Chinese 靈屋 (MC leng 'uwk).

Pronunciation
  • (Tokyo) れーおく [rèéókú] (Heiban – [0])[2]
  • IPA(key): [ɾe̞ːo̞kɯ̟ᵝ]

Noun

霊(れい)屋(おく) • (reioku) ←れいをく (reiwoku)?

  1. (Shinto) a shrine dedicated to a specific individual
    Synonyms: 霊廟 (reibyō), 霊殿 (tamadono), (see above) 霊屋 (tamaya)

References
  1. Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  4. “霊屋”, in 世界大百科事典 第２版 (Sekai Dai-hyakka Jiten Dainihan, “Heibonsha World Encyclopedia Second Edition”)‎ (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Heibonsha, 1998
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