統べる

Japanese
Kanji in this term
統
す
Grade: 5
kun’yomi
Alternative spelling
総べる

Etymology

From classical verb 統ぶ (subu).

Development
Natural progression from Old and Classical Japanese 下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”) verbs ending in -u to modern Japanese 下一段活用 (shimo ichidan katsuyō, “lower monograde conjugation”) verbs ending in -eru.

Compare 統ばる (subaru, “to bunch together, unite”, intransitive).

Pronunciation

Verb

統(す)べる • (suberu) transitive ichidan (stem 統(す)べ (sube), past 統(す)べた (subeta))

Japanese verb pair
active 統(す)べる (統(す)べる)
mediopassive 統(す)ばる (統(す)ばる)
  1. to dominate, control, rule, govern, supervise
    Synonyms: 治める (osameru), 統轄する (tōkatsu suru), 統率する (tōsotsu suru)
    Antonym: 従う (shitagau)
  2. to unify, combine
    Synonyms: 束ねる (tabaneru), 纏める (matomeru)
    Antonym: 割る (waru)

Conjugation
Conjugation of "統べる" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 統べ すべ sube
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 統べ すべ sube
Shūshikei ("terminal") 統べる すべる suberu
Rentaikei ("attributive") 統べる すべる suberu
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 統べれ すべれ subere
Meireikei ("imperative") 統べよ¹
統べろ²		 すべよ¹
すべろ²		 subeyo¹
subero²
Key constructions
Passive 統べられる すべられる suberareru
Causative 統べさせる
統べさす		 すべさせる
すべさす		 subesaseru
subesasu
Potential 統べられる
統べれる³		 すべられる
すべれる³		 suberareru
subereru³
Volitional 統べよう すべよう subeyō
Negative 統べない
統べぬ
統べん		 すべない
すべぬ
すべん		 subenai
subenu
suben
Negative continuative 統べず すべず subezu
Formal 統べます すべます subemasu
Perfective 統べた すべた subeta
Conjunctive 統べて すべて subete
Hypothetical conditional 統べれば すべれば subereba
¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative
³ Colloquial potential

Derived terms

References
  1. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
  3. Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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