深い

Japanese

Kanji in this term
ふか
Grade: 3
kun’yomi

Etymology 1

From Old Japanese. First attested in the Kojiki of 712 CE.[1] From Proto-Japonic *puka.

Pronunciation

  • (Tokyo) [fùkáꜜì] (Nakadaka – [2])[2]
  • IPA(key): [ɸɯ̟ᵝka̠i]
  • Tokyo pitch accent of inflected forms of "深い"
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Continuative (連用形) 深く かく
[fúꜜkàkù]
[fùkáꜜkù]
Terminal (終止形) 深い [fùkáꜜì]
Attributive (連体形) 深い [fùkáꜜì]
Key constructions
Informal negative 深くない かくない
くない
[fúꜜkàkùnàì]
[fùkáꜜkùnàì]
Informal past 深かった かかった
かった
[fúꜜkàkàttà]
[fùkáꜜkàttà]
Informal negative past 深くなかった かくなかった
くなかった
[fúꜜkàkùnàkàttà]
[fùkáꜜkùnàkàttà]
Formal 深いです いです [fùkáꜜìdèsù]
Conjunctive 深くて かくて
くて
[fúꜜkàkùtè]
[fùkáꜜkùtè]
Conditional 深ければ かければ
ければ
[fúꜜkàkèrèbà]
[fùkáꜜkèrèbà]

Adjective

(ふか) • (fukai) -i (adverbial (ふか) (fukaku))

  1. deep, profound
    (ふか)(もり)(おく)
    fukai mori no oku
    the depths of the dense forest
    (ふか)(ねむ)
    fukaku nemuru
    to be in a deep sleep
    (literally, “to sleep deeply”)
  2. thick
  3. close
Inflection
Antonyms

Etymology 2

The fukai changes to bukai as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

Suffix

(ぶか) • (-bukai) -i (adverbial (ぶか) (-bukaku))

  1. deep, profound
Derived terms

See also

  • Appendix:Gikun_Usage_in_Meiji_Version_of_Japanese_Bible/熟く

References

  1. ”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, Nihon Kokugo Daijiten) (in Japanese), concise edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000
  2. Hirayama, Teruo, editor (1960), 全国アクセント辞典 (Zenkoku Akusento Jiten, Nationwide Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Tōkyōdō, →ISBN
  • 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.
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