崩れる

Japanese
Kanji in this term
崩
くず
Grade: S
kun’yomi
See also 崩れ

Etymology

⟨kuduru⟩ → /kuduru/ → /kud͡zuru/ → /kud͡zureru/

From Old Japanese 崩る (kuduru), in the 下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”) pattern.

Development
Natural progression from Old and Classical Japanese 下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”) verbs ending in -u to modern Japanese 下一段活用 (shimo ichidan katsuyō, “lower monograde conjugation”) verbs ending in -eru.

[1][2][3][4][5]

First cited to the 播磨風土記 (Harima Fudoki) of 715.[1]

Ultimately from 屑 (kuzu, “rubbish, refuse, scrap, junk, waste”),[1] and analyzable as etymologically meaning "to become rubbish". For the causative form 崩す (kuzusu), compare English to lay waste, to ruin.

Pronunciation
  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of "崩れる"
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Terminal (終止形)
Attributive (連体形)		 崩れる くずれ​る [kùzúréꜜrù]
Imperative (命令形) 崩れろ くずれ​ろ [kùzúréꜜrò]
Key constructions
Passive 崩れられる くずれられ​る [kùzúréráréꜜrù]
Causative 崩れさせる くずれさせ​る [kùzúrésáséꜜrù]
Potential 崩れられる くずれられ​る [kùzúréráréꜜrù]
Volitional 崩れよう くずれよ​ー [kùzúréyóꜜò]
Negative 崩れない くずれ​ない [kùzúréꜜnàì]
Negative perfective 崩れなかった くずれ​なかった [kùzúréꜜnàkàttà]
Formal 崩れます くずれま​す [kùzúrémáꜜsù]
Perfective 崩れた くず​れた [kùzúꜜrètà]
Conjunctive 崩れて くず​れて [kùzúꜜrètè]
Hypothetical conditional 崩れれば くずれ​れば [kùzúréꜜrèbà]

Verb

崩(くず)れる • (kuzureru) intransitive ichidan (stem 崩(くず)れ (kuzure), past 崩(くず)れた (kuzureta))

Japanese verb pair
active 崩す
mediopassive 崩れる
  1. [from 715] to collapse, to fall, to be destroyed, to become ruined, to crumble

Conjugation
Conjugation of "崩れる" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 崩れ くずれ kuzure
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 崩れ くずれ kuzure
Shūshikei ("terminal") 崩れる くずれる kuzureru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 崩れる くずれる kuzureru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 崩れれ くずれれ kuzurere
Meireikei ("imperative") 崩れよ¹
崩れろ²		 くずれよ¹
くずれろ²		 kuzureyo¹
kuzurero²
Key constructions
Passive 崩れられる くずれられる kuzurerareru
Causative 崩れさせる
崩れさす		 くずれさせる
くずれさす		 kuzuresaseru
kuzuresasu
Potential 崩れられる
崩れれる³		 くずれられる
くずれれる³		 kuzurerareru
kuzurereru³
Volitional 崩れよう くずれよう kuzureyō
Negative 崩れない
崩れぬ
崩れん		 くずれない
くずれぬ
くずれん		 kuzurenai
kuzurenu
kuzuren
Negative continuative 崩れず くずれず kuzurezu
Formal 崩れます くずれます kuzuremasu
Perfective 崩れた くずれた kuzureta
Conjunctive 崩れて くずれて kuzurete
Hypothetical conditional 崩れれば くずれれば kuzurereba
¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative
³ Colloquial potential

See also

References
  1. “崩”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)‎ (in Japanese), concise edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000
  2. “崩れる”, in デジタル大辞泉 [Digital Daijisen]‎ (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, updated roughly every four months
  3. Shinmura, Izuru, editor (1998), 広辞苑 [Kōjien] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN
  4. 2002, Yasuo Kitahara, 明鏡国語辞典 (Meikyō Kokugo Jiten), First Edition (in Japanese), Tokyo: Taishūkan Shoten, →ISBN
  5. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  6. Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  7. NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
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