啄む
Japanese
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 啄 |
| ついば Jinmeiyō |
| kun’yomi |
Etymology
⟨tuki1 pamu⟩ → /tukʲipamu/ → /t͡suĩfamu/ → /t͡suibamu/
Shift from a compound of 突き (tsuki, stem form of verb 突く (tsuku), “to prick, stab”) + 食む (hamu, “to eat”).
Verb
啄む • (tsuibamu) transitive godan (stem 啄み (tsuibami), past 啄んだ (tsuibanda))
Conjugation
Conjugation of "啄む" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 啄ま | ついばま | tsuibama |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 啄み | ついばみ | tsuibami |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 啄む | ついばむ | tsuibamu |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 啄む | ついばむ | tsuibamu |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 啄め | ついばめ | tsuibame |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 啄め | ついばめ | tsuibame |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 啄まれる | ついばまれる | tsuibamareru |
| Causative | 啄ませる 啄ます |
ついばませる ついばます |
tsuibamaseru tsuibamasu |
| Potential | 啄める | ついばめる | tsuibameru |
| Volitional | 啄もう | ついばもう | tsuibamō |
| Negative | 啄まない | ついばまない | tsuibamanai |
| Negative continuative | 啄まず | ついばまず | tsuibamazu |
| Formal | 啄みます | ついばみます | tsuibamimasu |
| Perfective | 啄んだ | ついばんだ | tsuibanda |
| Conjunctive | 啄んで | ついばんで | tsuibande |
| Hypothetical conditional | 啄めば | ついばめば | tsuibameba |
References
- Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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