和らぐ

Japanese
Kanji in this term
和
やわ
Grade: 3
kun’yomi

Etymology

/japaraɡu/ → /jafaraɡu/ → /jawaraɡu/

From Old Japanese. Derived from adjective and adverb 柔ら (yawara, “soft; gentle”), in turn derived from Old Japanese adjective 柔・和 (yapa, classical yafa and modern yawa, “soft; gentle; fragile”).[1][2] Possibly influenced by 弱い (yowai, “weak; fragile”). (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)

Pronunciation

Verb

和(やわ)らぐ • (yawaragu) ←やはらぐ (yafaragu)?intransitive godan (stem 和(やわ)らぎ (yawaragi), past 和(やわ)らいだ (yawaraida))

  1. (physical properties) to soften, to become soft
  2. (said of a person or situation) to become peaceful and calm
  3. (said of a person or situation) to become gentle and mild
  4. (said of relations between people) to become harmonious

Conjugation
Conjugation of "和らぐ" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 和らが やわらぐが yawaraguga
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 和らぎ やわらぐぎ yawaragugi
Shūshikei ("terminal") 和らぐ やわらぐぐ yawaragugu
Rentaikei ("attributive") 和らぐ やわらぐぐ yawaragugu
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 和らげ やわらぐげ yawaraguge
Meireikei ("imperative") 和らげ やわらぐげ yawaraguge
Key constructions
Passive 和らがれる やわらぐがれる yawaragugareru
Causative 和らがせる
和らがす		 やわらぐがせる
やわらぐがす		 yawaragugaseru
yawaragugasu
Potential 和らげる やわらぐげる yawaragugeru
Volitional 和らごう やわらぐごう yawaragugō
Negative 和らがない やわらぐがない yawaraguganai
Negative continuative 和らがず やわらぐがず yawaragugazu
Formal 和らぎます やわらぐぎます yawaragugimasu
Perfective 和らいだ やわらぐいだ yawaraguida
Conjunctive 和らいで やわらぐいで yawaraguide
Hypothetical conditional 和らげば やわらぐげば yawaragugeba

Verb

和(やわ)らぐ • (yawaragu) ←やはらぐ (yafaragu)?transitive †nidan

  1. (obsolete, physical properties) to soften something, to make something soft
  2. (obsolete, said of a person or situation) to make something peaceful and calm
  3. (obsolete, said of a person or situation) to make something gentle and mild
  4. (obsolete, said of relations between people) to make something harmonious

Usage notes

The transitive sense has been superseded by the modern form 和らげる (yawarageru).[1][2]

References
  1. Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
  4. Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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