前略
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 前 | 略 |
| ぜん Grade: 2 |
りゃく Grade: 5 |
| on’yomi | |
Pronunciation
Phrase
前略 • (zenryaku)
- (opening of a letter) Forgive me for dispensing with the preliminaries, but I hasten to inform you that...
- Synonym: 冠省
Usage notes
When writing Japanese letters, the opening phrase 前略 is often paired with closing phrases such as 草々 or 不一.
Conjugation
Conjugation of "前略する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 前略し | ぜんりゃくし | zenryaku shi | |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 前略し | ぜんりゃくし | zenryaku shi | |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 前略する | ぜんりゃくする | zenryaku suru | |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 前略する | ぜんりゃくする | zenryaku suru | |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 前略すれ | ぜんりゃくすれ | zenryaku sure | |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 前略せよ¹ 前略しろ² |
ぜんりゃくせよ¹ ぜんりゃくしろ² |
zenryaku seyo¹ zenryaku shiro² | |
| Key constructions | ||||
| Passive | 前略される | ぜんりゃくされる | zenryaku sareru | |
| Causative | 前略させる 前略さす |
ぜんりゃくさせる ぜんりゃくさす |
zenryaku saseru zenryaku sasu | |
| Potential | 前略できる | ぜんりゃくできる | zenryaku dekiru | |
| Volitional | 前略しよう | ぜんりゃくしよう | zenryaku shiyō | |
| Negative | 前略しない | ぜんりゃくしない | zenryaku shinai | |
| Negative continuative | 前略せず | ぜんりゃくせず | zenryaku sezu | |
| Formal | 前略します | ぜんりゃくします | zenryaku shimasu | |
| Perfective | 前略した | ぜんりゃくした | zenryaku shita | |
| Conjunctive | 前略して | ぜんりゃくして | zenryaku shite | |
| Hypothetical conditional | 前略すれば | ぜんりゃくすれば | zenryaku sureba | |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative | ||||
References
- Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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