刻む

Japanese
Kanji in this term
刻
きざ
Grade: 6
kun’yomi
See also 刻み

Pronunciation
  • (Tokyo) きざむ [kìzámú] (Heiban – [0])[1]
  • IPA(key): [kʲiza̠mɯ̟ᵝ]
  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of "刻む"
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Terminal (終止形)
Attributive (連体形)		 刻む きざむ [kìzámú]
Imperative (命令形) 刻め きざめ [kìzámé]
Key constructions
Passive 刻まれる きざまれる [kìzámárérú]
Causative 刻ませる きざませる [kìzámásérú]
Potential 刻める きざめる [kìzámérú]
Volitional 刻もう きざも​ー [kìzámóꜜò]
Negative 刻まない きざまない [kìzámánáí]
Negative perfective 刻まなかった きざまな​かった [kìzámánáꜜkàttà]
Formal 刻みます きざみま​す [kìzámímáꜜsù]
Perfective 刻んだ きざんだ [kìzáńdá]
Conjunctive 刻んで きざんで [kìzáńdé]
Hypothetical conditional 刻めば きざめ​ば [kìzáméꜜbà]

Verb

刻(きざ)む • (kizamu) transitive godan (stem 刻(きざ)み (kizami), past 刻(きざ)んだ (kizanda))

  1. to chop, mince[2]
  2. to carve, to cut[2]
  3. to tick away, to keep time[2]

Conjugation
Conjugation of "刻む" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 刻ま きざま kizama
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 刻み きざみ kizami
Shūshikei ("terminal") 刻む きざむ kizamu
Rentaikei ("attributive") 刻む きざむ kizamu
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 刻め きざめ kizame
Meireikei ("imperative") 刻め きざめ kizame
Key constructions
Passive 刻まれる きざまれる kizamareru
Causative 刻ませる
刻ます		 きざませる
きざます		 kizamaseru
kizamasu
Potential 刻める きざめる kizameru
Volitional 刻もう きざもう kizamō
Negative 刻まない きざまない kizamanai
Negative continuative 刻まず きざまず kizamazu
Formal 刻みます きざみます kizamimasu
Perfective 刻んだ きざんだ kizanda
Conjunctive 刻んで きざんで kizande
Hypothetical conditional 刻めば きざめば kizameba

References
  1. Hirayama, Teruo, editor (1960), 全国アクセント辞典 (Zenkoku Akusento Jiten, “Nationwide Accent Dictionary”) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Tōkyōdō, →ISBN
  2. Taishukan's Genius Japanese-English Dictionary, Tōkyō: Taishukan, 1998.
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