ひしゃげる

Japanese
Alternative spellings
拉げる
挫げる (rare)
潰げる (rare)

Alternative forms

Etymology

From classical verb ひしゃぐ (hishagu).

Development
Natural progression from Old and Classical Japanese 下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”) verbs ending in -u to modern Japanese 下一段活用 (shimo ichidan katsuyō, “lower monograde conjugation”) verbs ending in -eru.

Pronunciation

Verb

ひしゃげる • (hishageru) ←ひしやげる (fisyageru)?intransitive ichidan (stem ひしゃげ (hishage), past ひしゃげた (hishageta))

Japanese verb pair
active ひしゃぐ
mediopassive ひしゃげる
  1. to flatten

Conjugation
Conjugation of "ひしゃげる" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") ひしゃげ hishage
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") ひしゃげ hishage
Shūshikei ("terminal") ひしゃげる hishageru
Rentaikei ("attributive") ひしゃげる hishageru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") ひしゃげれ hishagere
Meireikei ("imperative") ひしゃげよ¹
ひしゃげろ²		 hishageyo¹
hishagero²
Key constructions
Passive ひしゃげられる hishagerareru
Causative ひしゃげさせる
ひしゃげさす		 hishagesaseru
hishagesasu
Potential ひしゃげられる
ひしゃげれる³		 hishagerareru
hishagereru³
Volitional ひしゃげよう hishageyō
Negative ひしゃげない
ひしゃげぬ
ひしゃげん		 hishagenai
hishagenu
hishagen
Negative continuative ひしゃげず hishagezu
Formal ひしゃげます hishagemasu
Perfective ひしゃげた hishageta
Conjunctive ひしゃげて hishagete
Hypothetical conditional ひしゃげれば hishagereba
¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative
³ Colloquial potential

References
  1. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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