√

√

1. square root of.

   √4̅ = ${\displaystyle {\sqrt {4}}}$ = 2

2. (linguistics) Used before text to indicate it is a root.
   • 1889, W.D. Whitney, Sanskrit Grammar (in English), Breitkopf and Hartel, →OCLC, page 222:

     The consonant of the reduplicating syllable is in general the first consonant of the root: thus, पप्रछ् paprach from √प्रछ् prach; शिश्रि çiçri from √श्रि çri; बुबुध् bubudh from √बुध्.

   • 1901, “Cratis”, in Paulys Realencyclopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft (in German), page 1682:

     Cratis = Reisig, Geflecht, Gitter, Schicht ist mit griech. κάρταλος = Korb, got. haúrds. nhd. Hürde u. s. w. von indog. √kerto = knüpfen, flechten abzuleiten ( […] ), und hat sich auch mehrfach in den romanischen Sprachen erhalten, wie ital. grata = Gitter

     Cratis = brushwood, mesh, lattice, layer is along with Greek κάρταλος = basket, Gothic haúrds, New High German Hürde, etc. from Indo-European √kerto = to tie, braid ( […] ), and has also been preserved several times in the Romance languages, like Italian grata = lattice

   • 1940, C. de Foucauld, Dictionnaire abrégé touareg-français de noms propres (in French), page 333:

     Té̆rîtek ⵜⵔⵜⴾ (√ ⵔⵜⴾ ertek « tomber verticalement ») ‖ F.

     Té̆rîtek ⵜⵔⵜⴾ (√ ⵔⵜⴾ ertek "fall vertically") ‖ F.

   • 1946, Annali lateranensi pubblicazione del Pontificio museo missionario etnologico, volume 3 (in Italian), page 197:

     Ma questa particolare accezione di kawn non ha alcun nesso speciale con l'India, perchè è della lingua araba usare √ KWN ora per l'«essere» (come in كان اللّه) e ora per il «divenire», e il greco fa lo stesso con √ γεν e il sanscrito con √ bhū (bhava, mondo, كون; svabhâva, essenza, كيان).

     But this particular sense of kawn does not have anything special to do with India, because it is (characteristic) of Arabic to use √ KWN sometimes for "being" (as in كان اللّه) and sometimes for "becoming", and Greek does the same with √ γεν and Sanskrit with √ bhū (bhava, world, كون; svabhâva, essence, كيان).

   • 2010, A. Yadin, G. Zuckermann, “ […] Ideological Secularization of Hebrew Terms […] ”, in T. Omoniyi, editor, The Sociology of Language and Religion (in English), Springer, →ISBN, page 87:

     Consider Israeli מיקום mikúm 'locating', from מקמ √mqm 'locate', which derives from biblical Hebrew מקום [må‿qom] 'place', whose root is קומ √qwm 'stand'

   • 2013, Илья Якубович, Новое в согдийской этимологии (in Russian), Litres, →ISBN, page 104:

     Реконструированный корень √mā, разумеется, не являлся единственным выразителем значения 'расти' в праиндоевропейском.

     Rekonstruirovannyj korenʹ √mā, razumejetsja, ne javljalsja jedinstvennym vyrazitelem značenija 'rasti' v praindojevropejskom.

     The reconstructed root √mā, of course, was not the only expression of the meaning 'to grow' in Proto-Indo-European.

   • 2021, Utz Maas, “Die Stärke einer Sprache […] ”, in I.C. del Toro, E. Hack-Cengizalp, editors, Literalität und Mehrsprachigkeit (in German), →ISBN, page 15:

     Gebildet zu einer Wurzel √fqh, zu der insbesondere auch ein Verb faqaha „verstehen, begreifen“ gehört.

     Formed from a root √fqh, which also includes a verb faqaha "to understand, comprehend".

3. Alternative spelling of ✓ (“check mark”)
4. An ad hoc symbol for the hypothetical Solar-system planet Vulcan[1]

This is also called the "radical sign".

• ∛ ∜

√

1. Used to mark the stem of a verb.