ἴον

See also: -ιον, ιόν, and ἰόν

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Related to Latin viola, both from a common (unknown) Mediterranean substrate.[1] Originally *ϝίον (*wíon).

Pronunciation
 

Noun

ῐ̓́ον • (íon) m (genitive ῐ̓́ου); second declension

  1. violet, namely sweet violet (Viola odorata)
  2. synonym of κρίνον (krínon, “white lily”)
  3. any flower
  4. (Koine) a precious stone of dark colour

Declension
Second declension of τὸ ῐ̓́ον; τοῦ ῐ̓́ου (Heterocliton with plural dative: ῑ̓ᾰ́σῐ, Attic)
Case / # Singular Dual Plural
Nominative τὸ ῐ̓́ον
tò íon		 τὼ ῐ̓́ω
tṑ íō		 τᾰ̀ ῐ̓́ᾰ
tà ía
Genitive τοῦ ῐ̓́ου
toû íou		 τοῖν ῐ̓́οιν
toîn íoin		 τῶν ῐ̓́ων
tôn íōn
Dative τῷ ῐ̓́ῳ
tôi íōi		 τοῖν ῐ̓́οιν
toîn íoin		 τοῖς ῐ̓́οις / ῑ̓ᾰ́σῐ
toîs íois / īási
Accusative τὸ ῐ̓́ον
tò íon		 τὼ ῐ̓́ω
tṑ íō		 τᾰ̀ ῐ̓́ᾰ
tà ía
Vocative ῐ̓́ον
íon		 ῐ̓́ω
íō		 ῐ̓́ᾰ
ía
Notes:
  • This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

References
  1. Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ἴον”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 594

Further reading
  • “ἴον”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “ἴον”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • ἴον in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
  • “ἴον”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
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