ἐΰς

See also: -εύς

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

ἠΰς (ēǘs) — Epic

Etymology

Cognate with Mycenaean Greek 𐀁𐀄- (e-u-). Has been connected with Sanskrit सु- (su-) and Hittite [script needed] (āššu-), which would point to Proto-Indo-European *h₁su-; this may itself derive from *h₁es- (“to be”). A competing theory, however, connects the word with Sanskrit वसु (vásu-), Avestan 𐬬𐬊𐬵𐬎- (vohu-), Illyrian *Vescleves, Middle Irish feb (“eminence”), which would derive from a Proto-Indo-European *h₁wésus. This theory would be supported by a reading δὲ ἐάων (dè eáōn) in book 24, line 528 of the Iliad, where the lack of elision would suggest an initial *w; however, this reading is late and therefore uncertain.

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /e.ýs/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /eˈys/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /eˈys/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /eˈys/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /eˈis/

Adjective

ἐῠ̈́ς • (eǘs)

(poetic) good, brave, noble
- 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 2.819:
  Δαρδανίων αὖτ’ ἦρχεν ἐῢς πάϊς Ἀγχῑ́σᾱο Αἰνείᾱς
  Dardaníōn aût’ êrkhen eǜs páïs Ankhī́sāo Aineíās
  Aeneas, the brave son of Anchises, was again captain of the Dardanians.

Inflection

Irregular declension of ἐΰς; —; ἠΰ (Epic)

Number	Singular			Plural
Case/Gender	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	ἐΰς / ἠΰς eǘs / ēǘs	—	ἠΰ ēǘ	—	—	ἠέᾰ? ēéa?
Genitive	ἐῆος eêos	—	ἐῆος eêos	ἐᾱ́ων eā́ōn	—	ἐᾱ́ων eā́ōn
Dative	—	—	—	—	—	—
Accusative	ἐΰν / ἠΰν eǘn / ēǘn	—	ἠΰ ēǘ	—	—	ἠέᾰ? ēéa?
Vocative	—	—	ἠΰ ēǘ	—	—	—
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Irregular declension of ἐΰς; —; ἠΰ (Attic)

Number	Singular			Plural
Case/Gender	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	ἐΰς eǘs	—	ἠΰ ēǘ	ἠεῖς ēeîs	—	ἠᾶ ēâ
Genitive	ἐῆος eêos	—	ἐῆος eêos	ἐῶν eôn	—	ἐῶν eôn
Dative	ἐῆει eêei	—	ἐῆει eêei	ἐῆσι / ἐῆσιν eêsi(n)	—	ἐῆσι / ἐῆσιν eêsi(n)
Accusative	ἐΰν eǘn	—	ἠΰ ēǘ	ἠεῖς ēeîs	—	ἠᾶ ēâ
Vocative	—	—	—	—	—	—
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Synonyms

ἀγαθός (agathós)

Related terms

εὖ (eû, “well”)

References

“ἐΰς”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
ἐΰς in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
ἐΰς in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963

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