ἄλειαρ
Ancient Greek
Alternative forms
- ἄλεαρ n (álear) (Homeric)
Etymology
Related ἀλέω (aléō, “to grind”), with the alternative form ἄλεαρ (álear) from earlier ἄλεϝαρ (álewar) showing the connection to Proto-Indo-European *h₂leh₁wr̥, whence also Old Armenian ալիւր (aliwr, “flour”).
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /á.leː.ar/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈa.li.ar/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈa.li.ar/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈa.li.ar/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈa.li.ar/
Noun
ἄλειαρ • (áleiar) n (genitive ἀλείατος); third declension (chiefly in the plural)
- wheat-groats, coarse wheaten flour, wheatmeal
- Synonym: ἄλευρον (áleuron)
- c. 8th century BCE, Homer, “Rhapsody υ”, in Odyssey, 107-8:
- δώδεκα πᾶσαι ἐπεῤῥώοντο γυναῖκες ἄλφιτα τεύχουσαι καὶ ἀλείατα, μυελὸν ἀνδρῶν
- dṓdeka pâsai eperrhṓonto gunaîkes álphita teúkhousai kaì aleíata, muelòn andrôn
- twelve maidens, day by day, toiled grinding barleymeal and wheatmeal, the marrow of man
Usage notes
Particularly differentiated from ἄλφιτα (álphita, “barley flour, barleymeal”) (see Odyssey quote).
Declension
Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | τὸ ἄλειᾰρ tò áleiar |
τὼ ἀλείᾰτε tṑ aleíate |
τᾰ̀ ἀλείᾰτᾰ tà aleíata | ||||||||||
Genitive | τοῦ ἀλείᾰτος toû aleíatos |
τοῖν ἀλειᾰ́τοιν toîn aleiátoin |
τῶν ἀλειᾰ́των tôn aleiátōn | ||||||||||
Dative | τῷ ἀλείᾰτῐ tôi aleíati |
τοῖν ἀλειᾰ́τοιν toîn aleiátoin |
τοῖς ἀλείᾰσῐ / ἀλείᾰσῐν toîs aleíasi(n) | ||||||||||
Accusative | τὸ ἄλειᾰρ tò áleiar |
τὼ ἀλείᾰτε tṑ aleíate |
τᾰ̀ ἀλείᾰτᾰ tà aleíata | ||||||||||
Vocative | ἄλειᾰρ áleiar |
ἀλείᾰτε aleíate |
ἀλείᾰτᾰ aleíata | ||||||||||
Notes: |
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Further reading
- ἄλειαρ in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
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