ἀρήν

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms
  • ϝᾰρήν (warḗn) — Doric
  • ἄρνα (árna) — Epic

Etymology

From Proto-Hellenic *warḗn, from Proto-Indo-European *wr̥h₁ḗn (“lamb”). Cognates include Latin vervēx (“wether”), Sanskrit उरण (úraṇa) and Old Armenian գառն (gaṙn).[1]

Pronunciation
 

Noun

ᾰ̓ρήν • (arḗn) m or f (genitive ᾰ̓ρνός); third declension

  1. a lamb
  2. a sheep, whether ram or ewe
  3. (in the plural) shunted ears of wheat

Inflection

The nominative is only found in early inscriptions, the inflected forms being used in later Greek for ἀμνός (amnós).

Third declension of ὁ, ἡ ᾰ̓ρήν; τοῦ, τῆς ᾰ̓ρνός (Attic)
Case / # Singular Dual Plural
Nominative ὁ, ἡ ᾰ̓ρήν
ho, hē arḗn		 τὼ ἄρνε
tṑ árne		 οἱ, αἱ ἄρνες
hoi, hai árnes
Genitive τοῦ, τῆς ᾰ̓ρνός
toû, tês arnós		 τοῖν ἀρνοῖν
toîn arnoîn		 τῶν ἀρνῶν
tôn arnôn
Dative τῷ, τῇ ᾰ̓ρνῐ́
tôi, têi arní		 τοῖν ἀρνοῖν
toîn arnoîn		 τοῖς, ταῖς ᾰ̓ρνᾰ́σῐ / ᾰ̓ρνᾰ́σῐν / ἄρνεσσῐ / ἄρνεσσῐν
toîs, taîs arnási(n) / árnessi(n)
Accusative τὸν, τὴν ἄρνα
tòn, tḕn árna		 τὼ ἄρνε
tṑ árne		 τοὺς, τᾱ̀ς ἄρνας
toùs, tā̀s árnas
Vocative ᾰ̓ρήν
arḗn		 ἄρνε
árne		 ἄρνες
árnes
Notes:
  • This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

See also

References
  1. Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ἀρήν”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume I, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 129

Further reading
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