ḫarrānum

Akkadian

Etymology

Unknown. Compare Biblical Hebrew הָרָן (ḥɔrɔ́n, “Haran, a Biblical place name”).

Pronunciation

Noun

ḫarrānum f (plural ḫarrānātum) (from Old Akkadian on)

  1. road, way, path
    𒄩𒊏𒉡𒌝 𒄿𒊬𒌈 ― ḫa-ra-nu-um i-šar-tum /ḫarrānum išartum/ ― the right path (the right behaviour)
    1. (astronomy) path (of heavenly bodies)
  2. journey, trip, travel
    1. (Old Assyrian, Old Babylonian) journey-money
    2. (Neo-Babylonian) trading capital
    3. business venture
  3. military expedition/campaign
    𒆜 𒀀𒆷𒆪𒌝 ― KASKAL a-la-ku-um /ḫarrānam alākum/ ― to perform military service (literally, “to go (on) military expedition”)
    𒆜 𒍝𒁀𒌈 ― KASKAL ṣa-ba-tum /ḫarrānam ṣabātum/ ― to take to the road, undertake a campaign
  4. caravan
  5. (mathematics) times

Alternative forms
Cuneiform spellings
Logograms Phonetic
  • 𒆜 (KASKAL)
  • 𒆜𒆠 (KASKAL.KI) (Old Akkadian)
  • 𒄩𒅈𒊏𒉡𒌝 (ḫa-ar-ra-nu-um)
  • 𒄩𒊏𒉡𒌝 (ḫa-ra-nu-um)
  • 𒄯𒊏𒉡 (ḫar-ra-nu)

Synonyms
  • gerrum
  • ša ḫarrānātim (“caravan leader”)

Descendants
  • → Sumerian: 𒄯𒊏𒀭 (ḫar-ra-an /⁠ḫarran⁠/)

References
  • “ḫarrānu”, in The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago (CAD)‎, Chicago: University of Chicago Oriental Institute, 1956–2011
  • Black, Jeremy, George, Andrew, Postgate, Nicholas (2000) “ḫarrānu(m)”, in A Concise Dictionary of Akkadian, 2nd corrected edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz Verlag
  • Huehnergard, John (2011) A Grammar of Akkadian (Harvard Semitic Studies; 45), 3rd edition, Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns
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