მცხეთა
Georgian
Etymology
Subject of dispute. Many Georgian linguists have derived it from მესხი (mesxi) (name of an ancient Kartvelian tribe). However, Guram Bedoshvili associated it with მჴცე (mqce, “old, wise man”). According to Klimov (1964), possibly from Proto-Georgian-Zan *ʒ₁ixe- (“fortress”) (whence also Georgian ციხე (cixe) and Mingrelian ჯიხა (ǯixa)).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /mt͡sxetʰa/, [mt͡sʰχetʰa]
- Hyphenation: მცხე‧თა
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Inflection
Declension of მცხეთა (see Georgian declension)
| singular | plural | archaic plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | მცხეთა (mcxeta) | ||
| ergative | მცხეთამ (mcxetam) | ||
| dative | მცხეთას(ა) (mcxetas(a)) | ||
| genitive | მცხეთის(ა) (mcxetis(a)) | ||
| instrumental | მცხეთით(ა) (mcxetit(a)) | ||
| adverbial | მცხეთად(ა) (mcxetad(a)) | ||
| vocative | მცხეთავ (mcxetav) | ||
| Notes: archaic plurals might not exist. | |||
Postpositional inflection of მცხეთა (see Georgian postpositions)
| postpositions taking a dative case | singular | plural |
|---|---|---|
| -ზე (on - ) | მცხეთაზე (mcxetaze) | |
| -თან (near - ) | მცხეთასთან (mcxetastan) | |
| -ში (in - ) | მცხეთაში (mcxetaši) | |
| -ვით (like a - ) | მცხეთასავით (mcxetasavit) | |
| postpositions taking a genitive case | singular | plural |
| -თვის (for - ) | მცხეთისთვის (mcxetistvis) | |
| -ებრ (like a - ) | მცხეთისებრ (mcxetisebr) | |
| -კენ (towards - ) | მცხეთისკენ (mcxetisḳen) | |
| -გან (from/of - ) | მცხეთისგან (mcxetisgan) | |
| postpositions taking an instrumental case | singular | plural |
| -დან (from / since - ) | მცხეთიდან (mcxetidan) | |
| -ურთ (together with - ) | მცხეთითურთ (mcxetiturt) | |
| postpositions taking an adverbial case | singular | plural |
| -მდე (up to - ) | მცხეთამდე (mcxetamde) |
References
- Bedošvili, Guram (2002) Kartul ṭoṗonimta ganmarṭebit-eṭimologiuri leksiḳoni [Dictionary of Georgian Geographical Names] (in Georgian), Tbilisi: Bakur Sulakauri Publishing, →ISBN
- Klimov, G. A. (1964) Этимологический словарь картвельских языков [Etymological Dictionary of the Kartvelian Languages] (in Russian), Moscow: Academy Press, page 239
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