თოხი
Georgian
Alternative forms
- თოჴი (toqi) — Imerkhevi, Ingilo, Khevsureti
Etymology
From Old Georgian თოჴი (toqi), from Proto-Georgian-Zan *toq-.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /tʰoxi/, [tʰoχi]
- Hyphenation: თო‧ხი
Inflection
Declension of თოხი (see Georgian declension)
| singular | plural | archaic plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | თოხი (toxi) | თოხები (toxebi) | თოხნი (toxni) |
| ergative | თოხმა (toxma) | თოხებმა (toxebma) | თოხთ(ა) (toxt(a)) |
| dative | თოხს(ა) (toxs(a)) | თოხებს(ა) (toxebs(a)) | თოხთ(ა) (toxt(a)) |
| genitive | თოხის(ა) (toxis(a)) | თოხების(ა) (toxebis(a)) | თოხთ(ა) (toxt(a)) |
| instrumental | თოხით(ა) (toxit(a)) | თოხებით(ა) (toxebit(a)) | |
| adverbial | თოხად(ა) (toxad(a)) | თოხებად(ა) (toxebad(a)) | |
| vocative | თოხო (toxo) | თოხებო (toxebo) | თოხნო (toxno) |
| Notes: archaic plurals might not exist. | |||
Postpositional inflection of თოხი (see Georgian postpositions)
| postpositions taking a dative case | singular | plural |
|---|---|---|
| -ზე (on - ) | თოხზე (toxze) | თოხებზე (toxebze) |
| -თან (near - ) | თოხთან (toxtan) | თოხებთან (toxebtan) |
| -ში (in - ) | თოხში (toxši) | თოხებში (toxebši) |
| -ვით (like a - ) | თოხივით (toxivit) | თოხებივით (toxebivit) |
| postpositions taking a genitive case | singular | plural |
| -თვის (for - ) | თოხისთვის (toxistvis) | თოხებისთვის (toxebistvis) |
| -ებრ (like a - ) | თოხისებრ (toxisebr) | თოხებისებრ (toxebisebr) |
| -კენ (towards - ) | თოხისკენ (toxisḳen) | თოხებისკენ (toxebisḳen) |
| -გან (from/of - ) | თოხისგან (toxisgan) | თოხებისგან (toxebisgan) |
| postpositions taking an instrumental case | singular | plural |
| -დან (from / since - ) | თოხიდან (toxidan) | თოხებიდან (toxebidan) |
| -ურთ (together with - ) | თოხითურთ (toxiturt) | თოხებითურთ (toxebiturt) |
| postpositions taking an adverbial case | singular | plural |
| -მდე (up to - ) | თოხამდე (toxamde) | თოხებამდე (toxebamde) |
Derived terms
- თოხს მისცემს ხელში (toxs miscems xelši)
- თოხს მოჰკიდებს ხელს (toxs mohḳidebs xels)
Descendants
- → Avar: тухна (tuxna) (dialectal)
- → Armenian: թոխի (tʻoxi) (Lori)
- → Azerbaijani: toxa (dialectal)
- → Bats: თოჴ (toq)
- → Bezhta: тохъи (toqxi), тоъхъи (toʔqxi)
- → Hinukh: тохъи (toqi)
- → Hunzib: тохъи (toqi)
- → Khvarshi: тухна (tuxna)
- → Rutul: туха
- → Tsez: тохъи (toqi)
- → Udi: тохи (toχi) (dialectal)
Further reading
- Čikobava, Arnold et al., editors (1950–1964), “თოხი”, in Kartuli enis ganmarṭebiti leksiḳoni [Explanatory Dictionary of the Georgian language] (in Georgian), Tbilisi: Academy Press
Laz
Etymology
From Proto-Georgian-Zan *toq-.
Further reading
- Bucaklişi, İsmail Avcı, Uzunhasanoğlu, Hasan, Aleksiva, Irfan (2007) “toxi”, in Büyük Lazca Sözlük / Didi Lazuri Nenapuna [Great Laz Dictionary] (in Turkish), Istanbul: Chiviyazıları, page 907a
- Kiria, Č̣abuḳi, Ezugbaia, Lali, Memišiši, Omar, Čuxua, Merab (2015) Lazur-megruli gramaṭiḳa [Laz–Mingrelian Grammar] (in Georgian), Tbilisi: Gamomcemloba Meridiani, page 795
- Marr, N. (1910) “თოხი”, in Грамматика чанского (лазского) языка с хрестоматией и словарем [Grammar of the Chan (Laz) Language with a Reader and a Dictionary] (Материалы по яфетическому языкознанию; 2) (in Russian), Saint Petersburg: Academy Press, page 148a
- Tandilava, Ali (2013) “თოხი”, in Merab Čuxua, Natela Kutelia, Lile Tandilava, Lali Ezugbaia, editors, Lazuri leksiḳoni [Laz Dictionary], online version prepared by Levan Vašaḳiʒe, Tbilisi
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