ਖ਼ੌਫ਼

Punjabi

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian خوف (xawf), from Arabic خَوْف (ḵawf).

Adjective

ਖ਼ੌਫ਼ • (xauf) (Shahmukhi spelling خوف)

  1. fear, terror, fright
    Synonyms: ਦਹਿਲ (dahil), ਡਰ (ḍar), ਭੈ (bhai), ਸਹਿਮ (sahim), ਦਹਸ਼ਤ (dahśat)
    • Guru Granth Sahib, Bhagat Ravidas, translation by Inni Kaur and Harinder Singh, ang 345:
      ਨਾਂ ਤਸਵੀਸ ਖਿਰਾਜੁ ਨ ਮਾਲੁ ਖਉਫੁ ਨ ਖਤਾ ਨ ਤਰਸੁ ਜਵਾਲੁ
      nā̃ tasvīs khirāju na mālu khauphu na khatā na tarsu javālu
      No grief, no taxes on commodities. No fear of error, no fear of loss.

References
  • “ਖ਼ੌਫ਼”, in Punjabipedia [ਪੰਜਾਬੀਪੀਡੀਆ] (in Punjabi), Patiala: Punjabi University, 2024
  • Singh, Bhai Maya (1895) “ਖ਼ੌਫ਼”, in The Panjabi Dictionary, Lahore: Munshi Gulab Singh and Sons.
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