ਕਾਇਰੁ

See also: ਕਾਇਰ

Old Punjabi

Etymology

Inherited from Prakrit 𑀓𑀸𑀬𑀭 (kāyara), from Sanskrit कातर (kātara). Compare Old Marathi 𑘎𑘰𑘪𑘨 (kāvara).

Noun

ਕਾਇਰੁ (kāiru) m

  1. coward
    • 1604, Guru Amar Das, Ādi Granth ang 591:
      ਮਨਮੁਖੁ ਕਾਇਰੁ ਕਰੂਪੁ ਹੈ ਬਿਨੁ ਨਾਵੈ ਨਕੁ ਨਾਹਿ॥
      manamukhu kāiru karūpu hai binu nāvai naku nāhi.
      • 1972 translation by Dr. Sant Singh Khalsa
        The self-willed manmukh is cowardly and ugly; lacking the Name of the Lord, his nose is cut off in disgrace.

Descendants
  • Punjabi:
    Gurmukhi script: ਕਾਇਰ (kāira)
    Shahmukhi script: کائر (‫kā'ir‬)

References
  • Christopher Shackle (2011) “ਕਾਇਰੁ”, in A Gurū Nānak Glossary, 2nd edition, New Delhi: Heritage Publishers, →ISBN, page 288.
  • “ਕਾਇਰੁ”, in Sri Guru Granth Sahib Dictionary, SriGranth.org, 2024
  • Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “kātara”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 154
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