शक्र

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit शक्र (śakra).

• (Delhi Hindi) IPA^(key): /ʃək.ɾᵊ/, [ʃɐk.ɾᵊ]

शक्र • (śakra) (indeclinable)

1. (rare) strong, powerful, mighty

शक्र • (śakra) m

1. (Hinduism, Vedic religion) Indra
2. (Buddhism) Śakra

• Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975) “शक्र”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. Sea of Hindi words] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha
• Platts, John T. (1884) “शक्र”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
• McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “शक्र”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press

From the root शक् (śak, “to be strong, powerful, capable”) +‎ -र (-ra).

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɕɐk.ɾɐ́/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈɕɐk.ɾɐ/

शक्र • (śakrá) stem (root शक्)

1. strong, powerful, mighty (Rigvedic epithet of Indra)

शक्र • (śakrá) stem, m

1. (Vedic religion, Hinduism) Indra
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 10.104.10:

     वी॒रेण्यः॒ क्रतु॒रिन्द्रः॑ सुश॒स्तिरु॒तापि॒ धेना॑ पुरुहू॒तमी॑ट्टे। आर्द॑यद्वृ॒त्रमकृ॑णोदु लो॒कं स॑सा॒हे श॒क्रः पृत॑ना अभि॒ष्टिः॥

     vīréṇyaḥ kráturíndraḥ suśastírutā́pi dhénā puruhūtámīṭṭe. ā́rdayadvṛtrámákṛṇodulokáṃ sasāhé śakráḥ pŕ̥tanā abhiṣṭíḥ.

     Heroic power and noble praise is Indra yea, the song worships him invoked of many. Vṛtra he quelled, and gave men room and freedom: Śakra, victorious, hath conquered armies.

   • c. 700 CE – 900 CE, Bhāgavata Purāṇa 12.6.19:

     तं गोपायति राजेन्द्र शक्रः शरणमागतम्। तेन संस्तम्भितः सर्पस्तस्मान्नाग्नौ पतत्यसौ॥

     taṃ gopāyati rājendra śakraḥ śaraṇamāgatam. tena saṃstambhitaḥ sarpastasmānnāgnau patatyasau.

     [The Brāhmaṇas replied:] O best of kings, he [the snake Takṣaka] has not fallen into the fire because he is being protected by Indra, whom he has approached for shelter. Indra is holding him back from the fire.

   • c. 700 CE – 900 CE, Bhāgavata Purāṇa 8.6.34:

     दूरभारोद्वहश्रान्ताः शक्रवैरोचनादयः। अपारयन्तस्तं वोढुं विवशा विजहुः पथि॥

     dūrabhārodvahaśrāntāḥ śakravairocanādayaḥ. apārayantastaṃ voḍhuṃ vivaśā vijahuḥ pathi.

     Because of conveying the great mountain for a long distance, Indra, Vairocana [son of Virocana, Mahābali] and the other demigods and demons became fatigued. Being unable to carry the mountain, they left it on the way.

2. (Buddhism) Śakra (Buddhism equivalent of Indra)

• Pali: sakka
• Prakrit: सक्क (sakka)

• Monier Williams (1899) “शक्र”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1045.
• Hellwig, Oliver (2010-2024) “śakra”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.
• Apte, Vaman Shivram (1890) “शक्र”, in The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary, Poona: Prasad Prakashan
• Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “शक्र”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “śakrá”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press