व्याकरण

See also: वैयाकरण

Hindi

Alternative forms

ब्याकरण (byākaraṇ)

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit व्याकरण (vyākaraṇa, “analysis, grammar”).

Pronunciation

(Delhi Hindi) IPA^(key): /ʋjɑː.kə.ɾəɳ/, [ʋjäː.kɐ.ɾɐ̃ɳ]

Noun

व्याकरण • (vyākaraṇ) m (Urdu spelling ویاکرن)

grammar
Synonyms: क़ायदा (qāydā), दस्तूर (dastūr), ग्रामर (grāmar), बुन्याद-ए-लिसान (bunyād-e-lisān)

Declension

Declension of व्याकरण (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	व्याकरण vyākaraṇ	व्याकरण vyākaraṇ
oblique	व्याकरण vyākaraṇ	व्याकरणों vyākaraṇõ
vocative	व्याकरण vyākaraṇ	व्याकरणो vyākaraṇo

Derived terms

व्याकरणिक (vyākaraṇik, “grammatical”)

Marathi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit व्याकरण (vyākaraṇa, “analysis, grammar”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ʋjak.ɾəɳ/

Noun

व्याकरण • (vyākraṇ) n

grammar
मराठी व्याकरण
marāṭhī vyākraṇ
Marathi grammar

Declension

Declension of व्याकरण (neut cons-stem)
direct singular	व्याकरण vyākraṇ
direct plural	व्याकरणे, व्याकरणं vyākraṇe, vyākarṇa
	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन
nominative प्रथमा	व्याकरण vyākraṇ	व्याकरणे, व्याकरणं vyākraṇe, vyākarṇa
oblique सामान्यरूप	व्याकरणा vyākraṇā	व्याकरणां- vyākraṇān-
acc. / dative द्वितीया / चतुर्थी	व्याकरणाला vyākraṇālā	व्याकरणांना vyākraṇānnā
ergative	व्याकरणाने, व्याकरणानं vyākraṇāne, vyākraṇāna	व्याकरणांनी vyākraṇānnī
instrumental	व्याकरणाशी vyākraṇāśī	व्याकरणांशी vyākraṇānśī
locative सप्तमी	व्याकरणात vyākraṇāt	व्याकरणांत vyākraṇāt
vocative संबोधन	व्याकरणा vyākraṇā	व्याकरणांनो vyākraṇānno
Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition.

Genitive declension of व्याकरण (neut cons-stem)
	masculine object पुल्लिंगी कर्म		feminine object स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म		neuter object नपुसकलिंगी कर्म		oblique सामान्यरूप
	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular^* एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	oblique सामान्यरूप
singular subject एकवचनी कर्ता	व्याकरणाचा vyākraṇāċā	व्याकरणाचे vyākraṇāċe	व्याकरणाची vyākraṇācī	व्याकरणाच्या vyākraṇācā	व्याकरणाचे, व्याकरणाचं vyākraṇāċe, vyākraṇāċa	व्याकरणाची vyākraṇācī	व्याकरणाच्या vyākraṇācā
plural subject अनेकवचनी कर्ता	व्याकरणांचा vyākraṇānċā	व्याकरणांचे vyākraṇānċe	व्याकरणांची vyākraṇāñcī	व्याकरणांच्या vyākraṇāncā	व्याकरणांचे, व्याकरणांचं vyākraṇānċe, vyākraṇānċa	व्याकरणांची vyākraṇāñcī	व्याकरणांच्या vyākraṇāñcā
^* Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition.

Derived terms

व्याकरणात्मक (vyākarṇātmak, “grammatical”)

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

ৱ্যাকৰণ (Assamese script)
ᬯ᭄ᬬᬵᬓᬭᬡ (Balinese script)
ব্যাকরণ (Bengali script)
𑰪𑰿𑰧𑰯𑰎𑰨𑰜 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀯𑁆𑀬𑀸𑀓𑀭𑀡 (Brahmi script)
ဝျာကရဏ (Burmese script)
વ્યાકરણ (Gujarati script)
ਵ੍ਯਾਕਰਣ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌵𑍍𑌯𑌾𑌕𑌰𑌣 (Grantha script)
ꦮꦾꦴꦏꦫꦟ (Javanese script)
𑂫𑂹𑂨𑂰𑂍𑂩𑂝 (Kaithi script)
ವ್ಯಾಕರಣ (Kannada script)
វ្យាករណ (Khmer script)
ວ຺ຍາກຣຓ (Lao script)
വ്യാകരണ (Malayalam script)
ᠸᠶᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᡬᠠᡵᠠᢏᠠ (Manchu script)
𑘪𑘿𑘧𑘰𑘎𑘨𑘜 (Modi script)
ᠸᠶ᠋ᠠᢗᢉᠠᠷᠠᢏᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
𑧊𑧠𑧇𑧑𑦮𑧈𑦼 (Nandinagari script)
𑐰𑑂𑐫𑐵𑐎𑐬𑐞 (Newa script)
ଵ୍ଯାକରଣ (Odia script)
ꢮ꣄ꢫꢵꢒꢬꢠ (Saurashtra script)
𑆮𑇀𑆪𑆳𑆑𑆫𑆟 (Sharada script)
𑖪𑖿𑖧𑖯𑖎𑖨𑖜 (Siddham script)
ව්‍යාකරණ (Sinhalese script)
𑩾 𑪙𑩻𑩛𑩜𑩼𑩪 (Soyombo script)
𑚦𑚶𑚣𑚭𑚊𑚤𑚘 (Takri script)
வ்யாகரண (Tamil script)
వ్యాకరణ (Telugu script)
วฺยากรณ (Thai script)
ཝྱཱ་ཀ་ར་ཎ (Tibetan script)
𑒫𑓂𑒨𑒰𑒏𑒩𑒝 (Tirhuta script)
𑨭𑩇𑨪𑨊𑨋𑨫𑨘 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

वि- (ví, “apart”) +‎ आ- (ā, “towards; unto”) +‎ करण (karaṇa, “performing, activity”)

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /ʋjɑː.kɐ.ɾɐ.ɳɐm/
(Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈʋjɑː.kɐ.ɾɐ.ɳɐm/

Noun

व्याकरण • (vyākaraṇa) stem, n

separation, distinction, discrimination
explanation, detailed description
manifestation, revelation
prediction, prophecy
development, creation
(grammar) grammatical analysis, grammar
(grammar) grammatical correctness, polished or accurate language
the sound of a bow-string

Inflection

Neuter a-stem declension of व्याकरण
Nom. sg.	व्याकरणम् (vyākaraṇam)
Gen. sg.	व्याकरणस्य (vyākaraṇasya)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	व्याकरणम् (vyākaraṇam)	व्याकरणे (vyākaraṇe)	व्याकरणानि (vyākaraṇāni)
Vocative	व्याकरण (vyākaraṇa)	व्याकरणे (vyākaraṇe)	व्याकरणानि (vyākaraṇāni)
Accusative	व्याकरणम् (vyākaraṇam)	व्याकरणे (vyākaraṇe)	व्याकरणानि (vyākaraṇāni)
Instrumental	व्याकरणेन (vyākaraṇena)	व्याकरणाभ्याम् (vyākaraṇābhyām)	व्याकरणैः (vyākaraṇaiḥ)
Dative	व्याकरणाय (vyākaraṇāya)	व्याकरणाभ्याम् (vyākaraṇābhyām)	व्याकरणेभ्यः (vyākaraṇebhyaḥ)
Ablative	व्याकरणात् (vyākaraṇāt)	व्याकरणाभ्याम् (vyākaraṇābhyām)	व्याकरणेभ्यः (vyākaraṇebhyaḥ)
Genitive	व्याकरणस्य (vyākaraṇasya)	व्याकरणयोः (vyākaraṇayoḥ)	व्याकरणानाम् (vyākaraṇānām)
Locative	व्याकरणे (vyākaraṇe)	व्याकरणयोः (vyākaraṇayoḥ)	व्याकरणेषु (vyākaraṇeṣu)

Descendants

Assamese: ব্যাকৰণ (byakoron)
Bengali: ব্যাকরণ (bêkron)
Gujarati: વ્યાકરણ (vyākraṇ)
Hindi: व्याकरण (vyākraṇ)
Kannada: ವ್ಯಾಕರಣ (vyākaraṇa)
Marathi: व्याकरण (vyākraṇ)
Telugu: వ్యాకరణము (vyākaraṇamu)
Malayalam: വ്യാകരണം (vyākaraṇaṁ)
Urdu: ویاکرن

References

Monier Williams (1899) “व्याकरण”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1035/3.

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