वल्कल

Sanskrit

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

Noun

वल्कल • (valkala) stem, m or n

  1. bark

Declension
Masculine a-stem declension of वल्कल (valkala)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative वल्कलः
valkalaḥ		 वल्कलौ / वल्कला¹
valkalau / valkalā¹		 वल्कलाः / वल्कलासः¹
valkalāḥ / valkalāsaḥ¹
Vocative वल्कल
valkala		 वल्कलौ / वल्कला¹
valkalau / valkalā¹		 वल्कलाः / वल्कलासः¹
valkalāḥ / valkalāsaḥ¹
Accusative वल्कलम्
valkalam		 वल्कलौ / वल्कला¹
valkalau / valkalā¹		 वल्कलान्
valkalān
Instrumental वल्कलेन
valkalena		 वल्कलाभ्याम्
valkalābhyām		 वल्कलैः / वल्कलेभिः¹
valkalaiḥ / valkalebhiḥ¹
Dative वल्कलाय
valkalāya		 वल्कलाभ्याम्
valkalābhyām		 वल्कलेभ्यः
valkalebhyaḥ
Ablative वल्कलात्
valkalāt		 वल्कलाभ्याम्
valkalābhyām		 वल्कलेभ्यः
valkalebhyaḥ
Genitive वल्कलस्य
valkalasya		 वल्कलयोः
valkalayoḥ		 वल्कलानाम्
valkalānām
Locative वल्कले
valkale		 वल्कलयोः
valkalayoḥ		 वल्कलेषु
valkaleṣu
Notes
  • ¹Vedic
Neuter a-stem declension of वल्कल (valkala)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative वल्कलम्
valkalam		 वल्कले
valkale		 वल्कलानि / वल्कला¹
valkalāni / valkalā¹
Vocative वल्कल
valkala		 वल्कले
valkale		 वल्कलानि / वल्कला¹
valkalāni / valkalā¹
Accusative वल्कलम्
valkalam		 वल्कले
valkale		 वल्कलानि / वल्कला¹
valkalāni / valkalā¹
Instrumental वल्कलेन
valkalena		 वल्कलाभ्याम्
valkalābhyām		 वल्कलैः / वल्कलेभिः¹
valkalaiḥ / valkalebhiḥ¹
Dative वल्कलाय
valkalāya		 वल्कलाभ्याम्
valkalābhyām		 वल्कलेभ्यः
valkalebhyaḥ
Ablative वल्कलात्
valkalāt		 वल्कलाभ्याम्
valkalābhyām		 वल्कलेभ्यः
valkalebhyaḥ
Genitive वल्कलस्य
valkalasya		 वल्कलयोः
valkalayoḥ		 वल्कलानाम्
valkalānām
Locative वल्कले
valkale		 वल्कलयोः
valkalayoḥ		 वल्कलेषु
valkaleṣu
Notes
  • ¹Vedic

Descendants
  • Prakrit: 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮 (vakkala)
    • Central:
      • Hindustani: bakkal, bakal, baklā
        • Hindi: बक्कल, बकल, बकला
        • Urdu: بَکَّل, بَکَل, بَکْلَا
    • Eastern:
      • Assamese: বাকল (bakol), বাকলি (bakoli), বকলা (bokola)
      • Bengali: বাকল (bakol)
      • Bihari: बाकल
      • Odia: ବକଳ (bôkôḷô), ବକଳା (bôkôḷa)
    • Northern:
      • Kumaoni: बकल
    • Western:
      • Old Gujarati: वाकलाऊं (vākalāūṃ)
        • Gujarati: વાકલ (vākal)
  • Pali: vakkala

References
  • Apte, Macdonell (2022) “वल्कल”, in Digital Dictionaries of South India [Combined Sanskrit Dictionaries]
  • Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “valkala”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
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