प्राण

See also: पुराण, प्राणु, पर्ण, and पूर्ण

Hindi

Borrowed from Sanskrit प्राण (prāṇa).

प्राण • (prāṇ) m (Urdu spelling پراݨ)

Declension of प्राण (masc cons-stem)

Platts, John T. (1884) “प्राण”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.

प्र- (pra-) +‎ अन् (an).

प्राण • (prāṇá) stem, m

breath, respiration, the breath of life, vitality, life, vital air (usually plural in this sense)
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda
the first of the five life-winds or vital airs, which has its seat in the lungs (the other four being अपान (apāna), समान (samāna), व्यान (vyāna) and उदान (udāna))
wind, inhaled air
energy, vigor, strength, power (as in प्राणसार (prāṇasāra))
the spirit or soul (as opposed to शरीर (śarīra))
the Supreme Spirit (see आत्मन् (ātman))

Masculine a-stem declension of प्राण (prāṇá)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	प्राणः prāṇáḥ	प्राणौ / प्राणा¹ prāṇaú / prāṇā́¹	प्राणाः / प्राणासः¹ prāṇā́ḥ / prāṇā́saḥ¹
Vocative	प्राण prā́ṇa	प्राणौ / प्राणा¹ prā́ṇau / prā́ṇā¹	प्राणाः / प्राणासः¹ prā́ṇāḥ / prā́ṇāsaḥ¹
Accusative	प्राणम् prāṇám	प्राणौ / प्राणा¹ prāṇaú / prāṇā́¹	प्राणान् prāṇā́n
Instrumental	प्राणेन prāṇéna	प्राणाभ्याम् prāṇā́bhyām	प्राणैः / प्राणेभिः¹ prāṇaíḥ / prāṇébhiḥ¹
Dative	प्राणाय prāṇā́ya	प्राणाभ्याम् prāṇā́bhyām	प्राणेभ्यः prāṇébhyaḥ
Ablative	प्राणात् prāṇā́t	प्राणाभ्याम् prāṇā́bhyām	प्राणेभ्यः prāṇébhyaḥ
Genitive	प्राणस्य prāṇásya	प्राणयोः prāṇáyoḥ	प्राणानाम् prāṇā́nām
Locative	प्राणे prāṇé	प्राणयोः prāṇáyoḥ	प्राणेषु prāṇéṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Monier Williams (1899) “प्राण”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, pages 701/3, 705/1-2.
Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 188

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