पत्नी

Borrowed from Sanskrit पत्नी (patnī).

• (Delhi Hindi) IPA^(key): /pət̪.niː/, [pɐt̪̚.niː]

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पत्नी • (patnī) f (masculine पति, Urdu spelling پتنی)

1. wife

• बीवी (bīvī)

Borrowed from Sanskrit पत्नी (patnī).

पत्नी • (patnī) f

1. wife

• (wife): बायको (bāyko)

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *pátniH (“wife, mistress”), from Proto-Indo-European *pótnih₂ (“wife”), feminine of *pótis (“husband, lord, master”). Cognate with Avestan *𐬞𐬀𐬚𐬥𐬍 (*paθnī, attested in compounds), Ancient Greek πότνια (pótnia, “lady, mistress”), a title that was given to several goddesses.

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /pɐ́t.niː/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈpɐt̪.n̪iː/

पत्नी • (pátnī) stem, f (masculine पति)

1. wife
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 5.46.7:

     दे॒वानां॒ पत्नी॑र् उश॒तीर् अ॑वन्तु नः॒ प्राव॑न्तु नस् तु॒जये॒ वाज॑-सातये ।
     याः पार्थि॑वासो॒ या अ॒पाम् अपि॑ व्र॒ते ता नो॑ देवीः सुहवाः॒ शर्म॑ यच्छत ॥

     devā́nāṃ pátnīr uśatī́r avantu naḥ prā́vantu nas tujáye vā́ja-sātaye.
     yā́ḥ pā́rthivāso yā́ apā́m ápi vraté tā́ no devīḥ suhavāḥ śárma yacchata.

     May the Gods’ Wives aid us of their own freewill, aid us to offspring and the winning of the spoil.
     Grant us protection, O ye gracious Goddesses, ye who are on the earth or in the waters' realm.

2. female possessor, mistress, Lady
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 3.61.4:

     अव॒ स्यूमे॑व चिन्व॒ती म॒घोन्यु॒षा या॑ति॒ स्वस॑रस्य॒ पत्नी॑ ।
     स्व१॒॑र्जन॑न्ती सु॒भगा॑ सु॒दंसा॒ आन्ता॑द्दि॒वः प॑प्रथ॒ आ पृ॑थि॒व्याः ॥

     áva syū́meva cinvatī́ maghónyuṣā́ yāti svásarasya pátnī.
     svàrjánantī subhágā sudáṃsā ā́ntāddiváḥ papratha ā́ pṛthivyā́ḥ.

     Letting her reins drop downward, Morning cometh, the wealthy Dame, the Lady of the dwelling;
     Bringing forth light, the Wonderful, the Blessed hath spread her from the bounds of earth and heaven.

• Prakrit: 𑀧𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀻 (pattī)
• → Assamese: পত্নী (potni) (learned)
• → Bengali: পত্নী (potni) (learned)
• → Gujarati: પત્ની (patnī) (learned)
• → Hindustani: patnī (learned)

  Hindi: पत्नी

  Urdu: پتنی

• → Kannada: ಪತ್ನಿ (patni) (learned)
• → Malayalam: പത്നി (patni) (learned)
• → Marathi: पत्नी (patnī) (learned)
• → Nepali: पत्नी (patnī) (learned)
• → Odia: ପତ୍ନୀ (pôtni) (learned)
• → Punjabi: ਪਤਣੀ (patṇī) (learned)
• → Tamil: பத்தினி (pattiṉi) (learned)
• → Telugu: పత్ని (patni) (learned)

• Monier Williams (1899) “पत्नी”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 582/2.
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 74-75