क्लेश

Sanskrit

Alternative forms
Alternative scripts
  • ক্লেশ (Assamese script)
  • ᬓ᭄ᬮᬾᬰ (Balinese script)
  • ক্লেশ (Bengali script)
  • 𑰎𑰿𑰩𑰸𑰫 (Bhaiksuki script)
  • 𑀓𑁆𑀮𑁂𑀰 (Brahmi script)
  • က္လေၐ (Burmese script)
  • ક્લેશ (Gujarati script)
  • ਕ੍ਲੇਸ਼ (Gurmukhi script)
  • 𑌕𑍍𑌲𑍇𑌶 (Grantha script)
  • ꦏ꧀ꦭꦺꦯ (Javanese script)
  • 𑂍𑂹𑂪𑂵𑂬 (Kaithi script)
  • ಕ್ಲೇಶ (Kannada script)
  • ក្លេឝ (Khmer script)
  • ກ຺ເລຨ (Lao script)
  • ക്ലേശ (Malayalam script)
  • ᡬᠯᡝᡧᠠ (Manchu script)
  • 𑘎𑘿𑘩𑘹𑘫 (Modi script)
  • ᢉᠯᠧᠱᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
  • 𑦮𑧠𑧉𑧚𑧋 (Nandinagari script)
  • 𑐎𑑂𑐮𑐾𑐱 (Newa script)
  • କ୍ଲେଶ (Odia script)
  • ꢒ꣄ꢭꢾꢯ (Saurashtra script)
  • 𑆑𑇀𑆬𑆼𑆯 (Sharada script)
  • 𑖎𑖿𑖩𑖸𑖫 (Siddham script)
  • ක‍්ලෙශ (Sinhalese script)
  • 𑩜 𑪙𑩽𑩔𑩿 (Soyombo script)
  • 𑚊𑚶𑚥𑚲𑚧 (Takri script)
  • க்லேஶ (Tamil script)
  • క్లేశ (Telugu script)
  • กฺเลศ (Thai script)
  • ཀླེ་ཤ (Tibetan script)
  • 𑒏𑓂𑒪𑒹𑒬 (Tirhuta script)
  • 𑨋𑩇𑨬𑨄𑨮 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From the root क्लिश् (kliś, “to torment, trouble, suffer”)

Pronunciation

Noun

क्लेश • (kleśa) stem, m

  1. pain, affliction, distress, pain from disease, anguish
  2. (Hinduism, Buddhism) in yoga, the five kleśas are named avidyā 'ignorance', asmitā 'egotism', rāga 'desire', dveśa 'aversion' and abhiniveśa 'tenacity of mundane existence'

Declension
Masculine a-stem declension of क्लेश (kleśa)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative क्लेशः
kleśaḥ		 क्लेशौ / क्लेशा¹
kleśau / kleśā¹		 क्लेशाः / क्लेशासः¹
kleśāḥ / kleśāsaḥ¹
Vocative क्लेश
kleśa		 क्लेशौ / क्लेशा¹
kleśau / kleśā¹		 क्लेशाः / क्लेशासः¹
kleśāḥ / kleśāsaḥ¹
Accusative क्लेशम्
kleśam		 क्लेशौ / क्लेशा¹
kleśau / kleśā¹		 क्लेशान्
kleśān
Instrumental क्लेशेन
kleśena		 क्लेशाभ्याम्
kleśābhyām		 क्लेशैः / क्लेशेभिः¹
kleśaiḥ / kleśebhiḥ¹
Dative क्लेशाय
kleśāya		 क्लेशाभ्याम्
kleśābhyām		 क्लेशेभ्यः
kleśebhyaḥ
Ablative क्लेशात्
kleśāt		 क्लेशाभ्याम्
kleśābhyām		 क्लेशेभ्यः
kleśebhyaḥ
Genitive क्लेशस्य
kleśasya		 क्लेशयोः
kleśayoḥ		 क्लेशानाम्
kleśānām
Locative क्लेशे
kleśe		 क्लेशयोः
kleśayoḥ		 क्लेशेषु
kleśeṣu
Notes
  • ¹Vedic

Descendants
  • Ardhamagadhi Prakrit: 𑀓𑀺𑀮𑁂𑀲 (kilesa)
  • → Classical Newar: कलेश, क्लेश
  • → English: klesha
  • → Malay: gelisah
  • Pali: kilesa
    • → Burmese: ကိလေသာ (ki.lesa)
    • → Lao: ກິເລດ (ki lēt)
    • → Old Khmer: [script needed] (kilesa), [script needed] (kilessa)
    • → Shan: ၵီႉလေႇသႃႇ (kḭ̂i lèe sàa)
    • → Thai: กิเลส (gì-lèet)
  • → Telugu: క్లేశము (klēśamu)

References
  • Monier Williams (1899) “क्लेश”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0324.
  • Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “क्लेश”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press
  • Otto Böhtlingk, Richard Schmidt (1879-1928) “क्लेश”, in Walter Slaje, Jürgen Hanneder, Paul Molitor, Jörg Ritter, editors, Nachtragswörterbuch des Sanskrit [Dictionary of Sanskrit with supplements] (in German), Halle-Wittenberg: Martin-Luther-Universität, published 2016
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