कच्छप

See also: कच्छपी

Pali

Alternative forms

kacchapa (Latin script)
𑀓𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀧 (Brahmi script)
কচ্ছপ (Bengali script)
කච‍්ඡප (Sinhalese script)
ကစ္ဆပ or ၵၸ္ꧡပ or ၵၸ်ꧡပ (Burmese script)
กจฺฉป or กัจฉะปะ (Thai script)
ᨠᨧ᩠ᨨᨷ (Tai Tham script)
ກຈ຺ຉປ or ກັຈຉະປະ (Lao script)
កច្ឆប (Khmer script)
𑄇𑄌𑄴𑄍𑄛 (Chakma script)

Noun

कच्छप m

tortoise, turtle

Declension

Declension table of "कच्छप" (masculine)

Case \ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	कच्छपो (kacchapo)	कच्छपा (kacchapā)
Accusative (second)	कच्छपं (kacchapaṃ)	कच्छपे (kacchape)
Instrumental (third)	कच्छपेन (kacchapena)	कच्छपेहि (kacchapehi) or कच्छपेभि (kacchapebhi)
Dative (fourth)	कच्छपस्स (kacchapassa) or कच्छपाय (kacchapāya) or कच्छपत्थं (kacchapatthaṃ)	कच्छपानं (kacchapānaṃ)
Ablative (fifth)	कच्छपस्मा (kacchapasmā) or कच्छपम्हा (kacchapamhā) or कच्छपा (kacchapā)	कच्छपेहि (kacchapehi) or कच्छपेभि (kacchapebhi)
Genitive (sixth)	कच्छपस्स (kacchapassa)	कच्छपानं (kacchapānaṃ)
Locative (seventh)	कच्छपस्मिं (kacchapasmiṃ) or कच्छपम्हि (kacchapamhi) or कच्छपे (kacchape)	कच्छपेसु (kacchapesu)
Vocative (calling)	कच्छप (kacchapa)	कच्छपा (kacchapā)

Derived terms

kacchapī (“a lute”)

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

কচ্ছপ (Assamese script)
ᬓᬘ᭄ᬙᬧ (Balinese script)
কচ্ছপ (Bengali script)
𑰎𑰓𑰿𑰔𑰢 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀓𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀧 (Brahmi script)
ကစ္ဆပ (Burmese script)
કચ્છપ (Gujarati script)
ਕਚ੍ਛਪ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌕𑌚𑍍𑌛𑌪 (Grantha script)
ꦏꦕ꧀ꦖꦥ (Javanese script)
𑂍𑂒𑂹𑂓𑂣 (Kaithi script)
ಕಚ್ಛಪ (Kannada script)
កច្ឆប (Khmer script)
ກຈ຺ຉປ (Lao script)
കച്ഛപ (Malayalam script)
ᡬᠠᢜᡮᠠᢒᠠ (Manchu script)
𑘎𑘓𑘿𑘔𑘢 (Modi script)
ᢉᠠᢋᠼᠠᢒᠠ (Mongolian script)
𑦮𑦳𑧠𑦴𑧂 (Nandinagari script)
𑐎𑐔𑑂𑐕𑐥 (Newa script)
କଚ୍ଛପ (Odia script)
ꢒꢗ꣄ꢘꢦ (Saurashtra script)
𑆑𑆖𑇀𑆗𑆥 (Sharada script)
𑖎𑖓𑖿𑖔𑖢 (Siddham script)
කච‍්ඡප (Sinhalese script)
𑩜𑩡 𑪙𑩢𑩰 (Soyombo script)
𑚊𑚏𑚶𑚐𑚞 (Takri script)
கச்ச²ப (Tamil script)
కచ్ఛప (Telugu script)
กจฺฉป (Thai script)
ཀ་ཙྪ་པ (Tibetan script)
𑒏𑒔𑓂𑒕𑒣 (Tirhuta script)
𑨋𑨣𑩇𑨤𑨞 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From earlier कश्यप (kaśyápa), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kaćyápas. Cognate with Persian (kašaf, “tortoise”) and Khotanese khuysaa- (“tortoise, frog”).

Pronunciation

(Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈkɐt̪.t͡ɕʰɐ.pɐ/, [ˈkɐt̪̚.t͡ɕʰɐ.pɐ]

Noun

कच्छप • (kacchapa) stem, m

tortoise, turtle

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of कच्छप (kacchapa)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	कच्छपः kacchapaḥ	कच्छपौ / कच्छपा¹ kacchapau / kacchapā¹	कच्छपाः / कच्छपासः¹ kacchapāḥ / kacchapāsaḥ¹
Vocative	कच्छप kacchapa	कच्छपौ / कच्छपा¹ kacchapau / kacchapā¹	कच्छपाः / कच्छपासः¹ kacchapāḥ / kacchapāsaḥ¹
Accusative	कच्छपम् kacchapam	कच्छपौ / कच्छपा¹ kacchapau / kacchapā¹	कच्छपान् kacchapān
Instrumental	कच्छपेन kacchapena	कच्छपाभ्याम् kacchapābhyām	कच्छपैः / कच्छपेभिः¹ kacchapaiḥ / kacchapebhiḥ¹
Dative	कच्छपाय kacchapāya	कच्छपाभ्याम् kacchapābhyām	कच्छपेभ्यः kacchapebhyaḥ
Ablative	कच्छपात् kacchapāt	कच्छपाभ्याम् kacchapābhyām	कच्छपेभ्यः kacchapebhyaḥ
Genitive	कच्छपस्य kacchapasya	कच्छपयोः kacchapayoḥ	कच्छपानाम् kacchapānām
Locative	कच्छपे kacchape	कच्छपयोः kacchapayoḥ	कच्छपेषु kacchapeṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Descendants

Dardic:
- Kashmiri: کۆچُو (kocuv)
Pali: kacchapa
- → Lao: ກັດສະປະ (kat sa pa)
- → Thai: กัจฉปะ (gàt-chà-bpà)
Prakrit: 𑀓𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀯 (kacchava), 𑀓𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀯𑀻 (kacchavī)
- Central:
  - Ardhamagadhi Prakrit:
    - Awadhi: कचुआ (kacuā)
  - Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀓𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀯 (kacchava)
    - ⇒ Sauraseni Prakrit: *𑀓𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀯-𑀕 (*kacchava-ga)
      - Gurjar Apabhramsa:
        Old Gujarati:
        Gujarati: કાચબો (kācbo)
        
        Malvi: काछबो (kāchbo)
        
        Mewari: काछबो (kāchbo)
      - Sauraseni Apabhramsa:
        Hindustani: kachuā, kachwā, kachuī, kachwī
        Hindi: कछुआ, कछवा, कछुई, कछवी
        
        Urdu: کَچُھوا (kachuvā), کَچھْوَا (kachvā), کَچھُءَا, کَچھْوَا (kachvā)
- Eastern:
  - Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀓𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀯 (kacchava)
    - Assamese: কাছ (kaso)
    - Bengali: কচ্ছপ (kocchop), কাছিম (kachim)
    - Bihari:
      - Bhojpuri: कचुआ (kacuā)
      - Maithili: काचु (kācʉ)
    - Odia: କେଛୁ (kechu), କଇଛୋ (kôicho), କେଁଛୂ (kẽchu), କଇଁଛ (kôĩchô), କଇଁଚ (kôĩcô), କଛିମ (kôchimô), କଚିମ (kôcimô)
- Northern:
  - Khasa Prakrit:
    - Nepali: कछुवा (kachuwā)
- Northwestern:
  - Paisaci Prakrit:
    - Takka Apabhramsa:
      - Punjabi: kacchū (“turtle”), kacchūkummā (“tortoise”)
        Gurmukhi script: ਕੱਛੂ, ਕੱਛੂਕੁੰਮਾ
        
        Shahmukhi script: کَچّھُو, کَچّھُوکُمَّہ
- Southern:
  - Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀓𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀯 (kacchava)
    - Konkani: kā̃sav
      Devanagari script: कांसव
      Kannada script: ಕಾಂಸವ್
      Latin script: kansov
    - Marathi: कासव (kāsav)
    - Konkani: kāsavu
      Devanagari script: कासवु
      
      Latin script: kasovu
      
      Kannada script: ಕಾಸವು
    - Marathi: कासव (kāsav), कांसव (kāusav)
Prakrit: 𑀓𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀪 (kacchabha), 𑀓𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀳 (kacchaha)
- Central:
  - Ardhamagadhi Prakrit: 𑀓𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀪 (kacchabha)
- Eastern:
  - Magadhi Prakrit:
    - Assamese: কাছ (kas)
- Southern:
  - Helu Prakrit:
    - Dhivehi: ކަހަނބު (kahaᵐbu)
    - Sinhalese: කැසුඹු (kæsuᵐbu), කැසුබු (kæsubu)
- Western:
  - Sauraseni Prakrit:
    - Gujarati: કાચબો (kācbo), કાચબી (kācbī)

Borrowed terms

→ Bengali: কচ্ছপ (kocchop)
→ Gujarati: કચ્છપ (kacchap)
→ Old Javanese:
- Javanese: ꦏꦕꦥ (kacapa)
→ Old Marathi: kachap
Devanagari script: कछप (kachapa)

Modi script: 𑘎𑘔𑘢 (kachapa)
→ Telugu: కచ్ఛపము (kacchapamu)

References

Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “kacchapa”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press

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