इन्द्र
Hindi
Pronunciation
- (Delhi Hindi) IPA(key): /ɪn.d̪ɾᵊ/, [ɪ̃n̪.d̪ɾᵊ]
Proper noun
इन्द्र • (indra) m (Urdu spelling اندر)
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- ইন্দ্ৰ (Assamese script)
- ᬇᬦ᭄ᬤ᭄ᬭ (Balinese script)
- ইন্দ্র (Bengali script)
- 𑰂𑰡𑰿𑰟𑰿𑰨 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀇𑀦𑁆𑀤𑁆𑀭 (Brahmi script)
- ဣန္ဒြ (Burmese script)
- ઇન્દ્ર (Gujarati script)
- ਇਨ੍ਦ੍ਰ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌇𑌨𑍍𑌦𑍍𑌰 (Grantha script)
- ꦆꦤ꧀ꦢꦿ (Javanese script)
- 𑂅𑂢𑂹𑂠𑂹𑂩 (Kaithi script)
- ಇನ್ದ್ರ (Kannada script)
- ឥន្ទ្រ (Khmer script)
- ອິນ຺ທ຺ຣ (Lao script)
- ഇന്ദ്ര (Malayalam script)
- ᡳᠨᡩᡵᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘂𑘡𑘿𑘟𑘿𑘨 (Modi script)
- ᠢᠨᢑᠷᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑦢𑧁𑧠𑦿𑧠𑧈 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐂𑐣𑑂𑐡𑑂𑐬 (Newa script)
- ଇନ୍ଦ୍ର (Odia script)
- ꢄꢥ꣄ꢣ꣄ꢬ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆅𑆤𑇀𑆢𑇀𑆫 (Sharada script)
- 𑖂𑖡𑖿𑖟𑖿𑖨 (Siddham script)
- ඉන්ද්ර (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩐𑩑𑩯 𑪙𑩭 𑪙𑩼 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚂𑚝𑚶𑚛𑚶𑚤 (Takri script)
- இந்த்³ர (Tamil script)
- ఇన్ద్ర (Telugu script)
- อินฺทฺร (Thai script)
- ཨི་ནྡྲ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒃𑒢𑓂𑒠𑓂𑒩 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨀𑨁𑨝𑩇𑨛𑩇𑨫 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-Iranian *índras. Cognate with Avestan 𐬌𐬧𐬛𐬭𐬀 (iṇdra, “name of a daeva”), Kamkata-viri ī˜drʻ (“name of a god”), and Prasuni indr.
The further etymology is uncertain, with two theories about its origin:
- One possibility is conception as a derivative of Proto-Indo-European *h₃eyd- (“to swell”) with nasal infix, thus *(H)i-n-d-rá-s (“strong”) individualized into "the strong one" and underwent a secondary accent shift. In this case इन्द्र (indra) could be cognate with Serbo-Croatian jedar (“strong”).[1]
- Alternatively from the BMAC substrate. Maybe related to Proto-Circassian *yənə-ø-ra ‘huge-be-ger’, cf. Abkhaz a-ynar, the Nart god of the forge.
Proper noun
इन्द्र • (índra) stem, m
- Indra
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 2.12.3:
- यो ह॒त्वाहि॒मरि॑णात्स॒प्त सिन्धू॒न्यो गा उ॒दाज॑दप॒धा व॒लस्य॑ ।
यो अश्म॑नोर॒न्तर॒ग्निं ज॒जान॑ सं॒वृक्स॒मत्सु॒ स ज॑नास॒ इन्द्रः॑ ॥- yó hatvā́himáriṇātsaptá síndhūnyó gā́ udā́jadapadhā́ valásya.
yó áśmanorantáragníṃ jajā́na saṃvṛ́ksamátsu sá janāsa índraḥ. - He who slew the Dragon, freed the Seven Rivers [from captivity], and drove the cows [from captivity] forth from the cave of Vala,
He who begat fire between two stones, he who overpowers warriors in battle, He, O folks, is Indra.
- yó hatvā́himáriṇātsaptá síndhūnyó gā́ udā́jadapadhā́ valásya.
- यो ह॒त्वाहि॒मरि॑णात्स॒प्त सिन्धू॒न्यो गा उ॒दाज॑दप॒धा व॒लस्य॑ ।
Declension
| Masculine a-stem declension of इन्द्र (índra) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | इन्द्रः índraḥ |
इन्द्रौ / इन्द्रा¹ índrau / índrā¹ |
इन्द्राः / इन्द्रासः¹ índrāḥ / índrāsaḥ¹ |
| Vocative | इन्द्र índra |
इन्द्रौ / इन्द्रा¹ índrau / índrā¹ |
इन्द्राः / इन्द्रासः¹ índrāḥ / índrāsaḥ¹ |
| Accusative | इन्द्रम् índram |
इन्द्रौ / इन्द्रा¹ índrau / índrā¹ |
इन्द्रान् índrān |
| Instrumental | इन्द्रेण índreṇa |
इन्द्राभ्याम् índrābhyām |
इन्द्रैः / इन्द्रेभिः¹ índraiḥ / índrebhiḥ¹ |
| Dative | इन्द्राय índrāya |
इन्द्राभ्याम् índrābhyām |
इन्द्रेभ्यः índrebhyaḥ |
| Ablative | इन्द्रात् índrāt |
इन्द्राभ्याम् índrābhyām |
इन्द्रेभ्यः índrebhyaḥ |
| Genitive | इन्द्रस्य índrasya |
इन्द्रयोः índrayoḥ |
इन्द्राणाम् índrāṇām |
| Locative | इन्द्रे índre |
इन्द्रयोः índrayoḥ |
इन्द्रेषु índreṣu |
| Notes |
| ||
Noun
इन्द्र • (índra) stem, m
Derived terms
- इन्द्रिय (indriya)
Descendants
References
- Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 192-93
Further reading
- Monier Williams (1899) “इन्द्र”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 166.
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