अयस्

Hindi

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit अयस् (ayas).

Pronunciation
  • (Delhi Hindi) IPA(key): /ə.jəs/, [ɐ.jɐs]

Noun

अयस् • (ayas) m (Urdu spelling ایس) (rare)

  1. iron
    Synonyms: लोहा (lohā), लोह (loh)

Declension
Declension of अयस् (masc cons-stem)
singular plural
direct अयस्
ayas		 अयस्
ayas
oblique अयस्
ayas		 अयसों
ayasõ
vocative अयस्
ayas		 अयसो
ayaso

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
  • অয়স্ (Assamese script)
  • ᬅᬬᬲ᭄ (Balinese script)
  • অয়স্ (Bengali script)
  • 𑰀𑰧𑰭𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
  • 𑀅𑀬𑀲𑁆 (Brahmi script)
  • အယသ် (Burmese script)
  • અયસ્ (Gujarati script)
  • ਅਯਸ੍ (Gurmukhi script)
  • 𑌅𑌯𑌸𑍍 (Grantha script)
  • ꦄꦪꦱ꧀ (Javanese script)
  • 𑂃𑂨𑂮𑂹 (Kaithi script)
  • ಅಯಸ್ (Kannada script)
  • អយស៑ (Khmer script)
  • ອຍສ຺ (Lao script)
  • അയസ് (Malayalam script)
  • ᠠᠶᠠᠰ᠌ (Manchu script)
  • 𑘀𑘧𑘭𑘿 (Modi script)
  • ᠠᠶ᠋ᠠᠰ (Mongolian script)
  • 𑦠𑧇𑧍𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
  • 𑐀𑐫𑐳𑑂 (Newa script)
  • ଅଯସ୍ (Odia script)
  • ꢂꢫꢱ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
  • 𑆃𑆪𑆱𑇀 (Sharada script)
  • 𑖀𑖧𑖭𑖿 (Siddham script)
  • අයස් (Sinhalese script)
  • 𑩐𑩻𑪁 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
  • 𑚀𑚣𑚨𑚶 (Takri script)
  • அயஸ் (Tamil script)
  • అయస్ (Telugu script)
  • อยสฺ (Thai script)
  • ཨ་ཡ་ས྄ (Tibetan script)
  • 𑒁𑒨𑒮𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
  • 𑨀𑨪𑨰𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háyas, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éyos (“metal”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬀𐬵 (aiiah) Latin aes, Old English ār (whence English ore).

Pronunciation

Noun

अयस् • (áyas) stem, n

  1. metal; copper
    • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 6.47.10:
      इन्द्र मृळ मह्यं जीवातुमिच्छ चोदय धियम्अयसो न धाराम्।
      यत्किं चाहं त्वायुरिदं वदामि तज्जुषस्व कृधि मा देववन्तम्॥
      indra mṛḷa mahyaṃ jīvātumiccha codaya dhiyamayaso na dhārām.
      yatkiṃ cāhaṃ tvāyuridaṃ vadāmi tajjuṣasva kṛdhi mā devavantam.
      Be gracious, Indra, let my days be lengthened: sharpen my thought as ’twere a blade of copper[1]
      Approve whatever words I speak, dependent on thee, and grant me thy divine protection.
  2. iron ŚBr.[2]
  3. iron weapon

Declension
Neuter as-stem declension of अयस् (áyas)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative अयः
áyaḥ		 अयसी
áyasī		 अयांसि
áyāṃsi
Vocative अयः
áyaḥ		 अयसी
áyasī		 अयांसि
áyāṃsi
Accusative अयः
áyaḥ		 अयसी
áyasī		 अयांसि
áyāṃsi
Instrumental अयसा
áyasā		 अयोभ्याम्
áyobhyām		 अयोभिः
áyobhiḥ
Dative अयसे
áyase		 अयोभ्याम्
áyobhyām		 अयोभ्यः
áyobhyaḥ
Ablative अयसः
áyasaḥ		 अयोभ्याम्
áyobhyām		 अयोभ्यः
áyobhyaḥ
Genitive अयसः
áyasaḥ		 अयसोः
áyasoḥ		 अयसाम्
áyasām
Locative अयसि
áyasi		 अयसोः
áyasoḥ		 अयःसु
áyaḥsu

Descendants
  • Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀅𑀬 (aya)
  • Pali: aya, ayo

References
  1. Jamison, Stephanie W., Brereton, Joel P., transl. (2014), The Rigveda: The Earliest Religious Poetry of India, volume I-II, Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 836
  2. Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) “áyas-”, in The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University
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