अक

Hindi

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit अक (áka).

Pronunciation
  • (Delhi Hindi) IPA(key): /ək/, [ɐk]

Noun

अक • (ak) m

  1. (rare, formal) a sin
    Synonyms: पाप (pāp), पातक (pātak)

Declension
Declension of अक (masc cons-stem)
singular plural
direct अक
ak		 अक
ak
oblique अक
ak		 अकों
akõ
vocative अक
ak		 अको
ako

References

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
  • অক (Assamese script)
  • ᬅᬓ (Balinese script)
  • অক (Bengali script)
  • 𑰀𑰎 (Bhaiksuki script)
  • 𑀅𑀓 (Brahmi script)
  • အက (Burmese script)
  • અક (Gujarati script)
  • ਅਕ (Gurmukhi script)
  • 𑌅𑌕 (Grantha script)
  • ꦄꦏ (Javanese script)
  • 𑂃𑂍 (Kaithi script)
  • ಅಕ (Kannada script)
  • អក (Khmer script)
  • ອກ (Lao script)
  • അക (Malayalam script)
  • ᠠᡬᠠ (Manchu script)
  • 𑘀𑘎 (Modi script)
  • ᠠᢉᠠ (Mongolian script)
  • 𑦠𑦮 (Nandinagari script)
  • 𑐀𑐎 (Newa script)
  • ଅକ (Odia script)
  • ꢂꢒ (Saurashtra script)
  • 𑆃𑆑 (Sharada script)
  • 𑖀𑖎 (Siddham script)
  • අක (Sinhalese script)
  • 𑩐𑩜 (Soyombo script)
  • 𑚀𑚊 (Takri script)
  • அக (Tamil script)
  • అక (Telugu script)
  • อก (Thai script)
  • ཨ་ཀ (Tibetan script)
  • 𑒁𑒏 (Tirhuta script)
  • 𑨀𑨋 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan *ákas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ákas (“bad”), perhaps from the BMAC substrate.[1]

Pronunciation

Noun

अक • (áka) stem, n

  1. pain, unhappiness
  2. sin

Declension
Neuter a-stem declension of अक (áka)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative अकम्
ákam		 अके
áke		 अकानि / अका¹
ákāni / ákā¹
Vocative अक
áka		 अके
áke		 अकानि / अका¹
ákāni / ákā¹
Accusative अकम्
ákam		 अके
áke		 अकानि / अका¹
ákāni / ákā¹
Instrumental अकेन
ákena		 अकाभ्याम्
ákābhyām		 अकैः / अकेभिः¹
ákaiḥ / ákebhiḥ¹
Dative अकाय
ákāya		 अकाभ्याम्
ákābhyām		 अकेभ्यः
ákebhyaḥ
Ablative अकात्
ákāt		 अकाभ्याम्
ákābhyām		 अकेभ्यः
ákebhyaḥ
Genitive अकस्य
ákasya		 अकयोः
ákayoḥ		 अकानाम्
ákānām
Locative अके
áke		 अकयोः
ákayoḥ		 अकेषु
ákeṣu
Notes
  • ¹Vedic

References
  1. Lubotsky, Alexander (1999) “The Indo-Iranian substratum”, in Early Contacts between Uralic and Indo-European: Linguistic and Archaeological Considerations‎, Helsinki, page 8

Further reading
  • Monier Williams (1899) “अक”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1, column 3.
  • Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 39
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