ܟܝܠܐ
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
| Root |
|---|
| ܟ ܘ ܠ (k w l) |
| 3 terms |
Etymology 1
Related to Arabic كَيْل (kayl) with the sense of “paradigm” a calque of Arabic وَزْن (wazn).
Pronunciation
- (standard) IPA(key): [kaj.lɑː]
Noun
ܟܲܝܠܵܐ • (kaylā) m sg (plural ܟܲܝ̈ܠܹܐ (kaylē))
Inflection
| number | isolated forms | with possessive pronouns | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| state | form | person | singular | plural | |||
| m | f | ||||||
| singular | absolute | – | 1st person | ܟܲܝܠܝܼ (kaylī) |
ܟܲܝܠܲܢ (kaylan) | ||
| construct | ܟܹܝܠ (kēl) |
2nd person | ܟܲܝܠܘܼܟ݂ (kaylūḵ) |
ܟܲܝܠܵܟ݂ܝ (kaylāḵ) |
ܟܲܝܠܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (kaylāwḵōn) | ||
| emphatic | ܟܲܝܠܵܐ (kaylā) |
3rd person | ܟܲܝܠܹܗ (kaylēh) |
ܟܲܝܠܵܗ̇ (kaylāh) |
ܟܲܝܠܗܘܿܢ (kaylhōn) | ||
| plural | absolute | – | 1st person | ܟܲܝܠܝܼ̈ (kaylī) |
ܟܲܝܠܲܢ̈ (kaylan) | ||
| construct | ܟܲܝܠܲܝ̈ (kaylay) |
2nd person | ܟܲܝܠܘܼ̈ܟ݂ (kaylūḵ) |
ܟܲܝܠܵܟ݂ܝ̈ (kaylāḵ) |
ܟܲܝܠܵܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ (kaylāwḵōn) | ||
| emphatic | ܟܲܝ̈ܠܹܐ (kaylē) |
3rd person | ܟܲܝܠܘܼ̈ܗܝ (kaylūh) |
ܟܲܝ̈ܠܘܿܗ̇ (kaylōh) |
ܟܲܝܠܗ̈ܘܿܢ (kaylhōn) | ||
Related terms
- ܟܝܘܼܠܵܐ (kyūlā)
Etymology 2
Modified from the above; compare Arabic كَيَّال (kayyāl).
Pronunciation
- (standard) IPA(key): [kajjɑːlɑː]
Noun
ܟܲܝܵܠܵܐ • (kayyālā) m sg (plural ܟܲܝܵܠܹ̈ܐ (kayyālē), feminine ܟܲܝܵܠܬܵܐ (kayyāltā))
Inflection
| number | isolated forms | with possessive pronouns | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| state | form | person | singular | plural | |||
| m | f | ||||||
| singular | absolute | – | 1st person | ܟܲܝܵܠܝܼ (kayyālī) |
ܟܲܝܵܠܲܢ (kayyālan) | ||
| construct | ܟܲܝܵܠ (kayyāl) |
2nd person | ܟܲܝܵܠܘܼܟ݂ (kayyālūḵ) |
ܟܲܝܵܠܵܟ݂ܝ (kayyālāḵ) |
ܟܲܝܵܠܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (kayyālāwḵōn) | ||
| emphatic | ܟܲܝܵܠܵܐ (kayyālā) |
3rd person | ܟܲܝܵܠܹܗ (kayyālēh) |
ܟܲܝܵܠܵܗ̇ (kayyālāh) |
ܟܲܝܵܠܗܘܿܢ (kayyālhōn) | ||
| plural | absolute | – | 1st person | ܟܲܝܵܠܝܼ̈ (kayyālī) |
ܟܲܝܵܠܲܢ̈ (kayyālan) | ||
| construct | ܟܲܝܵܠܲܝ̈ (kayyālay) |
2nd person | ܟܲܝܵܠܘܼ̈ܟ݂ (kayyālūḵ) |
ܟܲܝܵܠܵܟ݂ܝ̈ (kayyālāḵ) |
ܟܲܝܵܠܵܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ (kayyālāwḵōn) | ||
| emphatic | ܟܲܝܵܠܹ̈ܐ (kayyālē) |
3rd person | ܟܲܝܵܠܘܼ̈ܗܝ (kayyālūh) |
ܟܲܝܵܠ̈ܘܿܗ̇ (kayyālōh) |
ܟܲܝܵܠܗ̈ܘܿܢ (kayyālhōn) | ||
Etymology 3
Nominalised from the active participle of the verb ܟܵܐܹܠ (kāˀēl, “to measure”).
Pronunciation
- (standard) IPA(key): [kɑjːlɑː]
Noun
ܟܵܝܠܵܐ • (kāylā) m sg (plural ܟܵܝ̈ܠܹܐ (kāylē))
- -meter used mainly in the construct state indicating a tool for measurement
Inflection
| number | isolated forms | with possessive pronouns | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| state | form | person | singular | plural | |||
| m | f | ||||||
| singular | absolute | – | 1st person | ܟܵܝܠܝܼ (kāylī) |
ܟܵܝܠܲܢ (kāylan) | ||
| construct | ܟܵܐܹܠ (kāˀēl) |
2nd person | ܟܵܝܠܘܼܟ݂ (kāylūḵ) |
ܟܵܝܠܵܟ݂ܝ (kāylāḵ) |
ܟܵܝܠܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (kāylāwḵōn) | ||
| emphatic | ܟܵܝܠܵܐ (kāylā) |
3rd person | ܟܵܝܠܹܗ (kāylēh) |
ܟܵܝܠܵܗ̇ (kāylāh) |
ܟܵܝܠܗܘܿܢ (kāylhōn) | ||
| plural | absolute | – | 1st person | ܟܵܝܠܝܼ̈ (kāylī) |
ܟܵܝܠܲܢ̈ (kāylan) | ||
| construct | ܟܵܝܠܲܝ̈ (kāylay) |
2nd person | ܟܵܝܠܘܼ̈ܟ݂ (kāylūḵ) |
ܟܵܝܠܵܟ݂ܝ̈ (kāylāḵ) |
ܟܵܝܠܵܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ (kāylāwḵōn) | ||
| emphatic | ܟܵܝܠܹ̈ܐ (kāylē) |
3rd person | ܟܵܝܠܘܼ̈ܗܝ (kāylūh) |
ܟܵܝܠ̈ܘܿܗ̇ (kāylōh) |
ܟܵܝܠܗ̈ܘܿܢ (kāylhōn) | ||
Derived terms
- ܟܵܐܹܠ ܚܲܝܠܵܐ (kāˀēl ḥaylā, “dynamometer”)
- ܟܵܐܹܠ ܚܲܡܝܼܡܘܼܬ݂ܵܐ (kāˀēl ḥamīmūṯā, “thermometer”)
- ܟܵܐܹܠ ܩܵܠܵܐ (kāˀēl qālā, “phonometer”)
Classical Syriac
Etymology 1
From the root ܟ-ܘ-ܠ (k-w-l) related to measuring; compare Arabic كَيْل (kayl). The sense of "paradigm" is a calque of Arabic وَزْن (wazn).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [kajlɑ(ʔ)] (singular)
- IPA(key): [kajle(ʔ)] (plural)
Noun
ܟܝܠܐ • (transliteration needed) m (plural ܟܝܠܐ)
Inflection
inflection of ܟܝܠܐ
| state | singular | plural |
|---|---|---|
| absolute | ܟܝܠ | ܟܝܠܝܢ |
| construct | ܟܝܠ | ܟܝܠܝ |
| emphatic | ܟܝܠܐ | ܟܝܠܐ |
| possessive forms | ||
| 1st c. sg. (my) | ܟܝܠܝ | ܟܝܠܝ |
| 2nd m. sg. (your) | ܟܝܠܟ | ܟܝܠܝܟ |
| 2nd f. sg. (your) | ܟܝܠܟܝ | ܟܝܠܝܟܝ |
| 3rd m. sg. (his) | ܟܝܠܗ | ܟܝܠܘܗܝ |
| 3rd f. sg. (her) | ܟܝܠܗ | ܟܝܠܝܗ |
| 1st c. pl. (our) | ܟܝܠܢ | ܟܝܠܝܢ |
| 2nd m. pl. (your) | ܟܝܠܟܘܢ | ܟܝܠܝܟܘܢ |
| 2nd f. pl. (your) | ܟܝܠܟܝܢ | ܟܝܠܝܟܝܢ |
| 3rd m. pl. (their) | ܟܝܠܗܘܢ | ܟܝܠܝܗܘܢ |
| 3rd f. pl. (their) | ܟܝܠܗܝܢ | ܟܝܠܝܗܝܢ |
Etymology 2
Modified from above. Compare Arabic كَيَّال (kayyāl).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [kajjɑlɑ(ʔ)] (singular)
- IPA(key): [kajjɑle(ʔ)] (plural)
Inflection
inflection of ܟܝܠܐ
| state | singular | plural |
|---|---|---|
| absolute | ܟܝܠ | ܟܝܠܝܢ |
| construct | ܟܝܠ | ܟܝܠܝ |
| emphatic | ܟܝܠܐ | ܟܝܠܐ |
| possessive forms | ||
| 1st c. sg. (my) | ܟܝܠܝ | ܟܝܠܝ |
| 2nd m. sg. (your) | ܟܝܠܟ | ܟܝܠܝܟ |
| 2nd f. sg. (your) | ܟܝܠܟܝ | ܟܝܠܝܟܝ |
| 3rd m. sg. (his) | ܟܝܠܗ | ܟܝܠܘܗܝ |
| 3rd f. sg. (her) | ܟܝܠܗ | ܟܝܠܝܗ |
| 1st c. pl. (our) | ܟܝܠܢ | ܟܝܠܝܢ |
| 2nd m. pl. (your) | ܟܝܠܟܘܢ | ܟܝܠܝܟܘܢ |
| 2nd f. pl. (your) | ܟܝܠܟܝܢ | ܟܝܠܝܟܝܢ |
| 3rd m. pl. (their) | ܟܝܠܗܘܢ | ܟܝܠܝܗܘܢ |
| 3rd f. pl. (their) | ܟܝܠܗܝܢ | ܟܝܠܝܗܝܢ |
References
- “kyl”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
- Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, p. 155a
- Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, p. 213a
- Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, p. 618b
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