ܚܬܐ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Alternative forms
  • ܚܵܬ݂ (ḥāṯ) (slang)

Etymology 1
Root
ܐ ܚ ܐ (ˀ ḥ ˀ)
4 terms

From Aramaic אֲחָתָא (ʾăḥāṯā), from Proto-Semitic *ʔaḫwat-; compare Arabic أُخْت (ʔuḵt), Hebrew אָחוֹת (akhót) and Akkadian 𒎏 (aḫātum).

Pronunciation
  • (standard) IPA(key): [xɑːθɑː]
  • (Nineveh Plains) IPA(key): [xɑːθɑː]
  • (Urmian) IPA(key): [xɑːtɑː]

Noun

ܚܵܬ݂ܵܐ • (ḥāṯā) f sg (plural ܚܵܬ݂̈ܘܵܬ݂ܵܐ (ḥāṯwāṯā) or ܚܵܬ݂ܲܘ̈ܵܬ݂ܵܐ (ḥāṯawwāṯā), masculine ܐܲܚܵܐ (aḥḥā) or ܐܲܚܘܿܢܵܐ (aḥōnā))

  1. sister (female sibling having parents in common)
  2. (in the first-person possessive form) Respectful term of address to a female around one’s own age or slightly younger (see usage notes below)
Usage notes
  • This term on its own is used both literally and figuratively; including full sisters, half-sisters and step-sisters.
  • (term of address) The term used by old individuals to a female a lot younger than them is ܒܪܵܬܝܼ (brātī, literally “My daughter”), and not this term.
Inflection
Inflection of ܚܵܬ݂ܵܐ (ḥāṯā)
number isolated forms with possessive pronouns
state form person singular plural
m f
singular absolute – 1st person ܚܵܬ݂ܝܼ
(ḥāṯī)		 ܚܵܬ݂ܲܢ
(ḥāṯan)
construct ܚܵܬ݂
(ḥāṯ)		 2nd person ܚܵܬ݂ܘܼܟ݂
(ḥāṯūḵ)		 ܚܵܬ݂ܵܟ݂ܝ
(ḥāṯāḵ)		 ܚܵܬ݂ܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ
(ḥāṯāwḵōn)
emphatic ܚܵܬ݂ܵܐ
(ḥāṯā)		 3rd person ܚܵܬ݂ܹܗ
(ḥāṯēh)		 ܚܵܬ݂ܵܗ̇
(ḥāṯāh)		 ܚܵܬ݂ܗܘܿܢ
(ḥāṯhōn)
plural absolute – 1st person ܚܵܬ݂ܘܵܬܝܼ̈
(ḥāṯwātī)		 ܚܵܬ݂ܘܵܬܲܢ̈
(ḥāṯwātan)
construct ܚܵܬ݂ܘܵܬ̈
(ḥāṯwāt)		 2nd person ܚܵܬ݂ܘܵܬܘܼ̈ܟ݂
(ḥāṯwātūḵ)		 ܚܵܬ݂ܘܵܬܵܟ݂ܝ
(ḥāṯwātāḵ)		 ܚܵܬ݂ܘܵܬܵܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ
(ḥāṯwātāwḵōn)
emphatic ܚܵܬ݂ܘܵܬܹ̈ܐ
(ḥāṯwātē)		 3rd person ܚܵܬ݂ܘܵܬܘܼ̈ܗܝ
(ḥāṯwātūh)		 ܚܵܬ݂ܘܵܬ̈ܘܿܗ̇
(ḥāṯwātōh)		 ܚܵܬ݂ܘܵܬܗ̈ܘܿܢ
(ḥāṯwāthōn)
Derived terms

Etymology 2
Root
ܬ ܚ ܬ (t ḥ t)
8 terms

Denominal of ܬܲܚܬܵܝܵܐ (taḥtāyā, “lower”).

Pronunciation
  • (Nineveh Plains) IPA(key): [xaːteː]

Verb

ܚܵܬܹܐ • (ḥātē) (present participle ܚܬܵܝܵܐ (ḥtāyā), past participle ܚܸܬܝܵܐ (ḥityā))

  1. (intransitive, physically) to become/be in a lower/low position, descend, lower see usage notes
    Antonym: ܥܵܠܹܐ (ˁālē)
  2. (intransitive, of volume) to become lower, quieter
Usage notes
  • (to become low): This verb is used for literally and physically being in a low position, and not, for example, going downstairs, or any figurative usage. For that, the verb ܢܵܚܸܬ݂ (nāḥiṯ) is used, where there may sometimes be semantic overlap.
Conjugation
Conjugation of ܚܵܬܹܐ (ḥātē)
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
past m ܚܬܹܐ ܠܝܼ
(ḥtē lī)		 ܚܬܹܐ ܠܘܼܟ݂
(ḥtē lūḵ)		 ܚܬܹܐ ܠܹܗ
(ḥtē lēh)		 ܚܬܹܐ ܠܲܢ
(ḥtē lan)		 ܚܬܹܐ ܠܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ
(ḥtē lāwḵōn)		 ܚܬܹܐ ܠܗܘܿܢ
(ḥtē lhōn)
f ܚܬܹܐ ܠܵܟ݂ܝ
(ḥtē lāḵ)		 ܚܬܹܐ ܠܵܗ̇
(ḥtē lāh)
non-past m ܚܵܬܹܝܢ
(ḥātēn)		 ܚܵܬܹܝܬ
(ḥātēt)		 ܚܵܬܹܐ
(ḥātē)		 ܚܵܬܲܚ
(ḥātaḥ)		 ܚܵܬܹܝܬܘܿܢ
(ḥātētōn)		 ܚܵܬܝܼ
(ḥātī)
f ܚܵܬܝܵܢ
(ḥātyān)		 ܚܵܬܝܵܬܝ
(ḥātyāt)		 ܚܵܬܝܵܐ
(ḥātyā)
imperative m ܚܬܝܼ
(ḥtī)		 ܚܬܹܝܡܘܼܢ
(ḥtēmūn)
f ܚܬܹܐ
(ḥtē)

Classical Syriac

Etymology 1

From Proto-Semitic *ʔaḫwat-.

Alternative forms
  • ܐܚܬܐ

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [ħɑθɑ(ʔ)]

Noun

ܚܬܐ • (transliteration needed) f (plural ܐܚܘܬܐ, singular masculine counterpart ܐܚܐ)

  1. sister
  2. nun
  3. (figuratively) companion; relation, similarity

Etymology 2

From Akkadian 𒄑𒃶𒌌 (/⁠ḫittu⁠/), possibly a loanword from Sumerian 𒄑𒃶𒌌 (/⁠hedu⁠/, “architrave”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [ħɛttɑ(ʔ)] (singular)
  • IPA(key): [ħɛtte(ʔ)] (plural)

Noun

ܚܬܐ • (transliteration needed) f (plural ܚܬܐ)

  1. beam, plank (especially one resting on piles or pillars)
  2. (by extension) plank bridge, wooden bridge
Inflection
    inflection of ܚܬܐ
state singular plural
absolute ܚܬ ܚܬܝܢ
construct ܚܬ ܚܬܝ
emphatic ܚܬܐ ܚܬܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my) ܚܬܝ ܚܬܝ
2nd m. sg. (your) ܚܬܟ ܚܬܝܟ
2nd f. sg. (your) ܚܬܟܝ ܚܬܝܟܝ
3rd m. sg. (his) ܚܬܗ ܚܬܘܗܝ
3rd f. sg. (her) ܚܬܗ ܚܬܝܗ
1st c. pl. (our) ܚܬܢ ܚܬܝܢ
2nd m. pl. (your) ܚܬܟܘܢ ܚܬܝܟܘܢ
2nd f. pl. (your) ܚܬܟܝܢ ܚܬܝܟܝܢ
3rd m. pl. (their) ܚܬܗܘܢ ܚܬܝܗܘܢ
3rd f. pl. (their) ܚܬܗܝܢ ܚܬܝܗܝܢ

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [ħɛttɑ(ʔ)] (singular)
  • IPA(key): [ħɛtte(ʔ)] (plural)

Noun

ܚܬܐ • (transliteration needed) f (plural ܚܬܐ)

  1. Alternative form of ܚܬܬܐ
Inflection
    inflection of ܚܬܐ
state singular plural
absolute ܚܬ ܚܬܝܢ
construct ܚܬ ܚܬܝ
emphatic ܚܬܐ ܚܬܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my) ܚܬܝ ܚܬܝ
2nd m. sg. (your) ܚܬܟ ܚܬܝܟ
2nd f. sg. (your) ܚܬܟܝ ܚܬܝܟܝ
3rd m. sg. (his) ܚܬܗ ܚܬܘܗܝ
3rd f. sg. (her) ܚܬܗ ܚܬܝܗ
1st c. pl. (our) ܚܬܢ ܚܬܝܢ
2nd m. pl. (your) ܚܬܟܘܢ ܚܬܝܟܘܢ
2nd f. pl. (your) ܚܬܟܝܢ ܚܬܝܟܝܢ
3rd m. pl. (their) ܚܬܗܘܢ ܚܬܝܗܘܢ
3rd f. pl. (their) ܚܬܗܝܢ ܚܬܝܗܝܢ

References
  • “ˀḥh”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
  • “ḥt”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
  • Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, pp. 5a, 120a
  • Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, p. 163b
  • Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, p. 503b

Turoyo

Etymology

From Aramaic ܚܬܐ (ḥāṯā).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ħoθo/

Noun

ܚܳܬ݂ܳܐ • (ḥoṯo) f (plural ܚܳܬ݂ܳܬ݂ܶܐ (ḥoṯoṯe))

  1. sister
    Coordinate term: ܐܰܚܘܢܳܐ (aḥuno, “brother”)
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