ܕܥܪ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Etymology
Root
ܕ ܥ ܪ (d ˁ r)
2 terms

This meaning of this verb is a result of a semantic shift from “to rebuke,” “to drive off” to “to return”. Itself being a variant of ܓܵܥܸܪ (gāˁir, “to rebuke, to drive off”), it was influenced by it into the meaning of “to return”. The meaning of this verb as “to return” is already recorded in the 9th century from Bar Ali as a colloquialism. The older form of this verb is also borrowed into in Levantine Arabic كَعَر (kaʕar), with the meaning of “to drive away someone yelling”. Compare Turoyo ܕܳܥܰܪ (docar) and Mlahsö ܕܳܥܶܪ (docer) which also developed the same meaning of “to return”. Unrelated to root ܕ ܘ ܪ (d w r) related to circling and going around, as often proposed.[1]

Pronunciation
  • (standard) IPA(key): [daːʕerː]
  • (Nineveh Plains) IPA(key): [daʔɪr]
  • (Urmian) IPA(key): [daːjɪr]

Verb

ܕܵܥܹܪ • (dāˁēr) (present participle ܕܥܵܪܵܐ (dˁārā), past participle ܕܥܝܼܪܵܐ (dˁīrā))

  1. (intransitive) to return, go back, come back
    ܬܵܐ ܕܥܘܿܪ ― tā dˁōr ― come back
    ܐܵܦ ܟܲܕ݂ ܛܲܝܪܹ̈ܐ ܟܹܐ ܦܵܪܚܝܼ ܠܓܲܪܒܝܵܐ ܒܩܲܝܛܵܐ، ܟܹܐ ܕܵܥܪܝܼ ܠܲܐܟ݂ܵܐ ܒܣܸܬܘܵܐ.
    āp kaḏ ṭayrē kē pārḥī lgarbyā bqayṭā, kē dāˁrī laˀḵā bsitwā.
    Although the birds fly north for the summer, they return here in winter.

Conjugation
Conjugation of ܕܵܥܹܪ (dāˁēr)
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
past m ܕܥܝܼܪ ܠܝܼ
(dˁīr lī)		 ܕܥܝܼܪ ܠܘܼܟ݂
(dˁīr lūḵ)		 ܕܥܝܼܪ ܠܹܗ
(dˁīr lēh)		 ܕܥܝܼܪ ܠܲܢ
(dˁīr lan)		 ܕܥܝܼܪ ܠܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ
(dˁīr lāwḵōn)		 ܕܥܝܼܪ ܠܗܘܿܢ
(dˁīr lhōn)
f ܕܥܝܼܪ ܠܵܟ݂ܝ
(dˁīr lāḵ)		 ܕܥܝܼܪ ܠܵܗ̇
(dˁīr lāh)
non-past m ܕܵܥܪܹܢ
(dāˁrēn)		 ܕܵܥܪܹܬ
(dāˁrēt)		 ܕܵܥܹܪ
(dāˁēr)		 ܕܵܥܪܲܚ
(dāˁraḥ)		 ܕܵܥܪܝܼܬܘܿܢ
(dāˁrītōn)		 ܕܵܥܪܝܼ
(dāˁrī)
f ܕܵܥܪܵܢ
(dāˁrān)		 ܕܵܥܪܵܬܝ
(dāˁrāt)		 ܕܵܥܪܵܐ
(dāˁrā)
imperative m ܕܥܘܿܪ
(dˁōr)		 ܕܥܘܿܪܘܼܢ
(dˁōrūn)
f ܕܥܘܿܪܝ
(dˁōr)

Derived terms

References
  1. Hezy Mutzafi (2016) “The origin of the Neo-aramaic verb DʕR ‘to return’ and its cognates: a new proposal”, in Journal of Semitic Studies
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