چون

See also: جون, جوں, and خون

Persian

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Middle Persian [script needed] (cygwn' /⁠čiyōn⁠/, “as, like, how, when”), from Proto-Iranian *či-gauna- (“shape, figure”), from *či- (“what”) +‎ *gauna- (“color, type”).[1] Synchronically analyzable as چه (če, “what”) +‎ گون (gun, “color, type”).

Pronunciation
 
  • (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [t͡ʃʰuːn]
    • (Kabuli) IPA(key): [t͡ʃʰuːn]
    • (Hazaragi) IPA(key): [t͡ʃʰun]

Readings
Classical reading? čūn
Dari reading? čūn
Iranian reading? čon, čun
Tajik reading? čun
  • In Iran, [t͡ʃʰuːn] is mainly reserved for literary contexts except in the idiom چون و چرا (čun o čerâ).

Conjunction

چون • (čon)

  1. because, since
    Synonyms: چونکه (čonke), زیرا (zirâ)
    چون هوا خیلی سرد بود نیامدند.
    čon havâ xeyli sard bud nay-âmadand.
    They did not come since it was very cold.
  2. when
    Synonyms: وقتی (vaqti), وقتی که (vaqti ke)
    • c. 1080, Kaykāwūs, Qābūs-nāme:
      چون بزه خواهی کرد باری بزه بی‌مزه مکن ، شراب که خوری خوشتر خور و سماع که شنوی خوشتر شنو.
      čōn baza xwāhī kard bārē baza-yi bē maza ma-kun, šarāb ki xwarī xwaštar xwar u samā' ki šinawī xwaštar šinaw.
      When you want to commit sin for a time, do not commit tasteless sin. When you drink wine, drink from the best! And when you listen to music, listen to the best!
      (Classical Persian transliteration)
  3. (poetic or archaic) how
    Synonyms: چطور (četowr), چگونه (čegune)
    چونی؟ ― čun-i? ― How are you?
    • c. 1580, Vahshī Bāfqī, “شرح پریشانی”, in گزیده اشعار [Selected Poems]‎:
      تو مپندار که مِهر از دلِ محزون نرود
      آتشِ عشق به جان افتد و بیرون نرود
      وین محبّت به صد افسانه و افسون نرود
      چه گمان غلط است این، برود، چون نرود؟
      tu ma-pindār ki mihr az dil-i mahzūn na-rawad
      ātiš-i išq ba jān uftad u bērūn na-rawad
      w-īn muhabbat ba sad afsāna u afsūn na-rawad
      či gamān-i ğalat ast īn, birawad, čūn na-rawad?
      Don't think that affection can't leave a forlorn heart,
      That the fire of love falls on the soul and never leaves,
      That this love won't leave after a hundred fables and empty spells:
      What a mistake of a thought! [Love] leaves, how could it not?
      (Classical Persian transliteration)

Preposition

چون • (čun)

  1. (poetic or archaic) like
    Synonyms: همچون (hamčon), مثل (mesl-e), مانند (mânand-e), همانند (hamânand-e), نظیر (nazir-e)

References
  • MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “čiyōn”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 23
  1. Rastorgujeva, V. S., Edelʹman, D. I. (2003) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume 2, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, page 201

Anagrams

Urdu

Numeral
Urdu numbers (edit)
 ←  53 ۵۴
54		 55  → 
    Cardinal: چَوَّنْ (cavvan), چَون (cauvan)
    Ordinal: چَوَّنْواں (cavvanvā̃), چَونْواں (cauvanvā̃)

چون • (cauvan, cavvan) (Hindi spelling चौवन or चव्वन)

  1. fifty-four
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