پیکار

See also: بیکار

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

From Persian پیکار.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [pɛjcaɾ]

Noun

پیکار • (peykâr)

  1. battle, war
    Synonyms: جنك (cenk), حرب (harb, harp), صاواش (savaş)

References
  • Hindoglu, Artin (1838) “پیکار”, in Hazine-i lûgat ou dictionnaire abrégé turc-français‎, Vienna: F. Beck, page 139b

Persian

Etymology

From Middle Persian ptkʾl (“struggle, battle, dispute”).[1] Compare Manichaean Middle Persian [script needed] (phykʾʾr, “strife, battle”), Avestan 𐬞𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌𐬀𐬐𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬀𐬊𐬝 (paitiakərənaot̰, “he fought against”).[2] Ultimately from the preverb *pati- and the root *kar- (“to do, make”).[3][4] Old Armenian պայքար (paykʻar) and Georgian პაექრობა (ṗaekroba) are Iranian borrowings.[3]

Pronunciation
 
  • (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [pʰäj.kʰɑːɾ]
    • (Kabuli) IPA(key): [pʰäj.kʰɑːɾ]
    • (Hazaragi) IPA(key): [pʰäj.kʰɔːɾ]

Readings
Classical reading? paykār
Dari reading? paykār
Iranian reading? peykâr
Tajik reading? paykor
  • Rhymes: -âr

Noun

پیکار • (peykâr)

  1. battle
  2. struggle

Derived terms

Descendants
  • → Middle Armenian: փայքար (pʻaykʻar)

References
  1. MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 63
  2. Bartholomae, Christian (1904) Altiranisches Wörterbuch [Old Iranian Dictionary]‎ (in German), Strassburg: K. J. Trübner, column 447
  3. Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1979) “պայքար”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume IV, Yerevan: University Press, pages 19–20
  4. Cheung, Johnny (2007) Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 236

Further reading
  • Horn, Paul (1893) Grundriss der neupersischen Etymologie (in German), Strasbourg: K.J. Trübner, page 80
  • Hübschmann, Heinrich (1897) Armenische Grammatik. 1. Theil: Armenische Etymologie (in German), Leipzig: Breitkopf & Härtel, page 220
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