فوج

• فَيْج (fayj) — obsolete

From earlier فَيْج (fayj, “legman, courier; company”), borrowed from Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (pdk' /⁠payg⁠/, “foot-soldier, foot-walker, courier”) (Classical Persian پیگ (payg)).

• IPA^(key): /fawd͡ʒ/ (singular)
• IPA^(key): /ʔaf.waːd͡ʒ/ (plural)

فَوْج • (fawj) m (plural أَفْوَاج (ʔafwāj))

1. company, group, crowd, drove, swarm
   • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 110:2:

     وَرَأَيْتَ ٱلنَّاسَ يَدْخُلُونَ فِي دِينِ ٱللّٰهِ أَفْوَاجًا

     wa-raʔayta n-nāsa yadḵulūna fī dīni llāhi ʔafwājan

     And you see the people entering into the religion of Allah in multitudes

2. (military) cohort, battalion, regiment (a military unit of size varying by state)
3. (mining) shift, layer, stratum (The addition of quotations indicative of this usage is being sought:)

• أَفَاجَ (ʔafāja, “to congregate”)

• → Persian: فوج (fowj)
  • → Bengali: ফৌজ (fouj)
  • → Gujarati: ફોજ (phoj)
  • → Hindustani:

    Hindi: फ़ौज (fauj)

    Urdu: فوج (fauj)

  • → Kannada: ಫೌಜು (phauju)
  • → Marathi: फौज (phauj)
  • → Punjabi:

    Gurmukhi script: ਫ਼ੌਜ (fauj)

    Shahmukhi script: فوج (fauj)

• “فوج” in Almaany
• Freytag, Georg (1835) “فوج”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎ (in Latin), volume 3, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 379
• Kazimirski, Albin de Biberstein (1860) “فوج”, in Dictionnaire arabe-français contenant toutes les racines de la langue arabe, leurs dérivés, tant dans l’idiome vulgaire que dans l’idiome littéral, ainsi que les dialectes d’Alger et de Maroc‎ (in French), volume 2, Paris: Maisonneuve et C^ie, page 643
• Lane, Edward William (1863) “فوج”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎, London: Williams & Norgate, page 2455
• Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985) “فوج”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart‎ (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, page 986

Borrowed from Arabic فَوْج (fawj).

فوج • (fowj)

1. (archaic) group, company
2. (archaic) a regiment

   Synonym: هنگ (hang)

• → Bengali: ফৌজ (fouj)
• → Gujarati: ફોજ (phoj)
• → Hindustani:

  Hindi: फ़ौज (fauj)

  Urdu: فوج (fauj)

• → Kannada: ಫೌಜು (phauju)
• → Marathi: फौज (phauj)
• → Punjabi:

  Gurmukhi script: ਫ਼ੌਜ (fauj)

  Shahmukhi script: فوج (fauj)

Borrowed from Classical Persian فَوْج (fawj), from Arabic فَوْج (fawj). First attested as Old Hindi فوج (fauj) in 1503 A.D

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /fɔːd͡ʒ/
• Rhymes: -ɔːd͡ʒ

فَوج • (fauj) f (formal plural اَفْواج (afvāj), Hindi spelling फ़ौज)

1. army (military; force)
2. (figuratively) a horde (both in terms of items or people).

• “فوج”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
• “فوج”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.
• Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “فوج”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary‎, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.