ظفر

Arabic

Root
ظ ف ر (ẓ-f-r)

Etymology 1

From Proto-Semitic *θ̣upr-, *θ̣ipr- (nail, claw). Cognate with Akkadian 𒌢 (ṣuprum) and Biblical Hebrew צִפֹּרֶן (ṣippórɛn).

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ðˤufr/
    • (file)
  • IPA(key): /ðˤu.fur/

Noun

ظُفْر or ظُفُر • (ẓufr or ẓufur) m (plural أَظْفَار (ʔaẓfār) or أَظَافِر (ʔaẓāfir) or أَظْفُر (ʔaẓfur) or أَظَافِير (ʔaẓāfīr))

  1. (anatomy) fingernail
  2. (zoology) claw
    Coordinate term: حَافِر (ḥāfir, hoof)
Declension

Etymology 2

Root
ظ ف ر (ẓ-f-r)

Pronunciation 1

  • IPA(key): /ðˤa.fi.ra/

Verb

ظَفِرَ • (ẓafira) I, non-past يَظْفَرُ‎ (yaẓfaru) [+ بِ (object)] and [+ عَلَى (object)]

  1. to triumph over, to win, to superate
  2. to win, to gain, to receive
Conjugation

Pronunciation 2

  • IPA(key): /ðˤaf.fa.ra/

Verb

ظَفَّرَ • (ẓaffara) II, non-past يُظَفِّرُ‎ (yuẓaffiru)

  1. to make victorious; to grant victory; to aid
    Synonym: نَصَرَ (naṣara)
Conjugation

Pronunciation 3

  • IPA(key): /ðˤa.far/

Noun

ظَفَر • (ẓafar) m

  1. verbal noun of ظَفِرَ (ẓafira) (form I)
  2. obtainment, success, victory
  3. level ground
Declension
Descendants
  • Azerbaijani: zəfər
  • Northern Kurdish: zafer
  • Ottoman Turkish: ظفر (zafer)
  • Persian: ظفر (zafar)
  • Uzbek: zafar

References

  • Freytag, Georg (1835) “ظفر”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum (in Latin), volume 3, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, pages 87–88
  • Lane, Edward William (1863) “ظفر”, in Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate, page 1912
  • Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “ظفر”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary, London: W.H. Allen, page 656
  • Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985) “ظفر”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, page 800

Azerbaijani

Noun

ظفر (zəfər) (definite accusative ظفری, plural ظفرلر)

  1. Arabic spelling of zəfər (triumph)

Declension

Hijazi Arabic

Root
ظ ف ر
1 term

Etymology

From Arabic ظُفْر (ẓufr).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /dˤi.fir/, [dˤɪfɪr]

Noun

ظفر • (ḍifir) m (construct state ظِفْر (ḍifr), plural أظافر (ʔaḍāfir) or أظافير (ʔaḍāfīr))

  1. nail
  2. fingernail

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic ظَفَر (ẓafar).

Noun

ظفر • (zafer)

  1. victory, triumph

Descendants

Persian

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic ظَفَر (ẓafar).

Pronunciation

 
  • (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [zä.fǽɾ]
    • (Kabuli) IPA(key): [zä.fǽɾ]
    • (Hazaragi) IPA(key): [zä.fǽɾ]

Readings
Classical reading? zafar
Dari reading? zafar
Iranian reading? zafar
Tajik reading? zafar

Noun

Dari ظفر
Iranian Persian
Tajik зафар

ظفر • (zafar)

  1. victory, triumph

Descendants

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian ظفر (zafar), from Arabic ظَفَر (ẓafar).

Pronunciation

Noun

ظَفَر • (zafar) m (Hindi spelling ज़फ़र)

  1. victory, triumph
  2. profit, gain
  3. success
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