خلف

See also: خلق, حلق, جلق, and خ ل ق

Arabic

Root
خ ل ف (ḵ-l-f)

Etymology 1

From Proto-Semitic *ḫalap-. Cognate with Biblical Hebrew חָלַף (ḥɔlap̄, to move past).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /xa.la.fa/
  • (file)

Verb

خَلَفَ • (ḵalafa) I, non-past يَخْلُفُ‎ (yaḵlufu)

  1. to succeed, to follow, to come after
  2. to substitute for
  3. to replace
  4. to lag behind
  5. to stay behind
  6. to be detained, to stay away
Conjugation

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /xal.fa/

Preposition

خَلْفَ • (ḵalfa)

  1. behind
    • Louisa Alcott, Little Women, Chapter 1, Arabic translation "Dar wa Maktabat al-Hilal, Lebanon":
      بَدَأَت جُو تَمْشِي ذَهَابًا وَإِيَابًا وَيَدَاهَا خَلْفَ ظَهْرِهَا، كَالرَّجُل.
      badaʔat jū tamšī ḏahāban waʔiyāban wayadāhā ḵalfa ẓahrihā, kar-rajul.
      Joe started walking back and forth with her hands behind (her) back, like a man.
Inflection
    Inflected forms
Base form خَلْفَ (ḵalfa)
Personal-pronoun-
including forms
Singular Dual Plural
Masculine Feminine Common Masculine Feminine
First person خَلْفِي (ḵalfī) خَلْفَنَا (ḵalfanā)
Second person خَلْفَكَ (ḵalfaka) خَلْفَكِ (ḵalfaki) خَلْفَكُمَا (ḵalfakumā) خَلْفَكُمْ (ḵalfakum) خَلْفَكُنَّ (ḵalfakunna)
Third person خَلْفَهُ (ḵalfahu) خَلْفَهَا (ḵalfahā) خَلْفَهُمَا (ḵalfahumā) خَلْفَهُمْ (ḵalfahum) خَلْفَهُنَّ (ḵalfahunna)
Derived terms
  • مِنْ خَلْفِ (min ḵalfi)

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /xalf/

Noun

خَلْف • (ḵalf) m (plural خُلُوف (ḵulūf))

  1. verbal noun of خَلَفَ (ḵalafa) (form I)
  2. location that is behind
  3. time past
  4. back
  5. successor, descendant
  6. descendants
  7. remnant of people
  8. succeeding generation, progeny
  9. short rib
  10. someone absent from the tribe or just returned
Declension

References

  • Freytag, Georg (1830) “خلف”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum (in Latin), volume 1, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, pages 516–518
  • Lane, Edward William (1863) “خلف”, in Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate, page 792
  • Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “خلف”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary, London: W.H. Allen, page 337
  • Wehr, Hans (1979) “خلف”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN, page 297

South Levantine Arabic

Root
خ ل ف
5 terms

Etymology 1

From Arabic خَلَفَ (ḵalafa).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /xa.laf/, [ˈxa.laf]
  • (file)

Verb

خلف • (ḵalaf) I (present بخلف (biḵlif))

  1. to replace, to reward
Conjugation
    Conjugation of خلف (ḵalaf)
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
past m خلفت (ḵalaft) خلفت (ḵalaft) خلف (ḵalaf) خلفنا (ḵalafna) خلفتو (ḵalaftu) خلفو (ḵalafu)
f خلفتي (ḵalafti) خلفت (ḵalfat)
present m بخلف (baḵlif) بتخلف (btiḵlif) بخلف (biḵlif) منخلف (mniḵlif) بتخلفو (btiḵlifu) بخلفو (biḵlifu)
f بتخلفي (btiḵlifi) بتخلف (btiḵlif)
subjunctive m أخلف (ʔaḵlif) تخلف (tiḵlif) يخلف (yiḵlif) نخلف (niḵlif) تخلفو (tiḵlifu) يخلفو (yiḵlifu)
f تخلفي (tiḵlifi) تخلف (tiḵlif)
imperative m اخلف (iḵlif) اخلفو (iḵlifu)
f اخلفي (iḵlifi)

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /xal.laf/, [ˈxal.laf]
  • (file)

Verb

خلّف • (ḵallaf) II (present بخلّف (biḵallef))

  1. to give birth
    Synonym: جاب (jāb)
Conjugation
    Conjugation of خلّف (ḵallaf)
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
past m خلّفت (ḵallaft) خلّفت (ḵallaft) خلّف (ḵallaf) خلّفنا (ḵallafna) خلّفتو (ḵallaftu) خلّفو (ḵallafu)
f خلّفتي (ḵallafti) خلّفت (ḵallafat)
present m بخلّف (baḵallef) بتخلّف (bitḵallef) بخلّف (biḵallef) منخلّف (minḵallef) بتخلّفو (bitḵallfu) بخلّفو (biḵallfu)
f بتخلّفي (bitḵallfi) بتخلّف (bitḵallef)
subjunctive m اخلّف (aḵallef) تخلّف (tḵallef) يخلّف (yḵallef) نخلّف (nḵallef) تخلّفو (tḵallfu) يخلّفو (yḵallfu)
f تخلّفي (tḵallfi) تخلّف (tḵallef)
imperative m خلّف (ḵallef) خلّفو (ḵallfu)
f خلّفي (ḵallfi)
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