حامض

Arabic
Root
ح م ض (ḥ-m-ḍ)

Etymology

From Proto-Semitic *ḥāmiṣ́-. Cognate with Biblical Hebrew חֹמֶץ (ḥómɛṣ, “vinegar”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ħaː.midˤ/
    • (Gulf (Kuwait)) IPA(key): /ˈħɑː.mɪðˤ/
  • Audio(file)

Adjective

حَامِض • (ḥāmiḍ) (feminine حَامِضَة (ḥāmiḍa), masculine plural حَامِضُونَ (ḥāmiḍūna), feminine plural حَامِضَات (ḥāmiḍāt) or حَوَامِض (ḥawāmiḍ))

  1. sour, acidic

Declension
Declension of adjective حَامِض (ḥāmiḍ)
Singular Masculine Feminine
basic singular triptote singular triptote in ـَة (-a)
Indefinite Definite Indefinite Definite
Informal حَامِض
ḥāmiḍ		 الْحَامِض
al-ḥāmiḍ		 حَامِضَة
ḥāmiḍa		 الْحَامِضَة
al-ḥāmiḍa
Nominative حَامِضٌ
ḥāmiḍun		 الْحَامِضُ
al-ḥāmiḍu		 حَامِضَةٌ
ḥāmiḍatun		 الْحَامِضَةُ
al-ḥāmiḍatu
Accusative حَامِضًا
ḥāmiḍan		 الْحَامِضَ
al-ḥāmiḍa		 حَامِضَةً
ḥāmiḍatan		 الْحَامِضَةَ
al-ḥāmiḍata
Genitive حَامِضٍ
ḥāmiḍin		 الْحَامِضِ
al-ḥāmiḍi		 حَامِضَةٍ
ḥāmiḍatin		 الْحَامِضَةِ
al-ḥāmiḍati
Dual Masculine Feminine
Indefinite Definite Indefinite Definite
Informal حَامِضَيْن
ḥāmiḍayn		 الْحَامِضَيْن
al-ḥāmiḍayn		 حَامِضَتَيْن
ḥāmiḍatayn		 الْحَامِضَتَيْن
al-ḥāmiḍatayn
Nominative حَامِضَانِ
ḥāmiḍāni		 الْحَامِضَانِ
al-ḥāmiḍāni		 حَامِضَتَانِ
ḥāmiḍatāni		 الْحَامِضَتَانِ
al-ḥāmiḍatāni
Accusative حَامِضَيْنِ
ḥāmiḍayni		 الْحَامِضَيْنِ
al-ḥāmiḍayni		 حَامِضَتَيْنِ
ḥāmiḍatayni		 الْحَامِضَتَيْنِ
al-ḥāmiḍatayni
Genitive حَامِضَيْنِ
ḥāmiḍayni		 الْحَامِضَيْنِ
al-ḥāmiḍayni		 حَامِضَتَيْنِ
ḥāmiḍatayni		 الْحَامِضَتَيْنِ
al-ḥāmiḍatayni
Plural Masculine Feminine
sound masculine plural sound feminine plural‎; basic broken plural diptote
Indefinite Definite Indefinite Definite
Informal حَامِضِين
ḥāmiḍīn		 الْحَامِضِين
al-ḥāmiḍīn		 حَامِضَات‎; حَوَامِض
ḥāmiḍāt‎; ḥawāmiḍ		 الْحَامِضَات‎; الْحَوَامِض
al-ḥāmiḍāt‎; al-ḥawāmiḍ
Nominative حَامِضُونَ
ḥāmiḍūna		 الْحَامِضُونَ
al-ḥāmiḍūna		 حَامِضَاتٌ‎; حَوَامِضُ
ḥāmiḍātun‎; ḥawāmiḍu		 الْحَامِضَاتُ‎; الْحَوَامِضُ
al-ḥāmiḍātu‎; al-ḥawāmiḍu
Accusative حَامِضِينَ
ḥāmiḍīna		 الْحَامِضِينَ
al-ḥāmiḍīna		 حَامِضَاتٍ‎; حَوَامِضَ
ḥāmiḍātin‎; ḥawāmiḍa		 الْحَامِضَاتِ‎; الْحَوَامِضَ
al-ḥāmiḍāti‎; al-ḥawāmiḍa
Genitive حَامِضِينَ
ḥāmiḍīna		 الْحَامِضِينَ
al-ḥāmiḍīna		 حَامِضَاتٍ‎; حَوَامِضَ
ḥāmiḍātin‎; ḥawāmiḍa		 الْحَامِضَاتِ‎; الْحَوَامِضِ
al-ḥāmiḍāti‎; al-ḥawāmiḍi

Noun

حَامِض • (ḥāmiḍ) m (plural حَوَامِض (ḥawāmiḍ))

  1. (chemistry) acid
    Synonym: حِمْض (ḥimḍ)
    Antonyms: قَاعِدَة (qāʕida), قَلَوِيّ (qalawiyy)
  2. (now substandard) lemons or lemon juice
    • 1226, محمد بن الحسن بن محمد بن الكريم الكاتب البغدادي [Muḥammad bin al-Ḥasan bin Muḥammad bin al-Karīm al-Baḡdādīy], “الذَّيْل [aḏ-ḏayl]”, in كتاب الطبيخ ومعجم المآكل الدمشقية, Hindawi Foundation, published 2018, →ISBN, page 97:
      مُتَبَّل
      يُشْوَى ٱلْبَاذِنْجَانُ وَيُقَشَّرُ وَيُدَقُّ، ثُمَّ يُصَفُّ ٱلْجَوْزُ بَعْدَ غَسْلِهِ وَيُوضَعُ فَوْقَ ٱلْبَاذِنْجَانِ مَعَ ٱلطَّحِينَةِ وَٱلْحَامِضِ وَٱلْمِلْحِ وَٱلثُّومِ.
      mutabbal
      yušwā l-bāḏinjānu wayuqaššaru wayudaqqu, ṯumma yuṣaffu l-jawzu baʕda ḡaslihi wayūḍaʕu fawqa l-bāḏinjāni maʕa ṭ-ṭaḥīnati wal-ḥāmiḍi wal-milḥi waṯ-ṯūmi.
      Mutabbal
      Eggplants are fried, julienned, pounded, then walnut rowed after washing and placed over the eggplants with ṭahīne and lemon and salt and garlic.

Declension
Declension of noun حَامِض (ḥāmiḍ)
Singular basic singular triptote
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal حَامِض
ḥāmiḍ		 الْحَامِض
al-ḥāmiḍ		 حَامِض
ḥāmiḍ
Nominative حَامِضٌ
ḥāmiḍun		 الْحَامِضُ
al-ḥāmiḍu		 حَامِضُ
ḥāmiḍu
Accusative حَامِضًا
ḥāmiḍan		 الْحَامِضَ
al-ḥāmiḍa		 حَامِضَ
ḥāmiḍa
Genitive حَامِضٍ
ḥāmiḍin		 الْحَامِضِ
al-ḥāmiḍi		 حَامِضِ
ḥāmiḍi
Dual Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal حَامِضَيْن
ḥāmiḍayn		 الْحَامِضَيْن
al-ḥāmiḍayn		 حَامِضَيْ
ḥāmiḍay
Nominative حَامِضَانِ
ḥāmiḍāni		 الْحَامِضَانِ
al-ḥāmiḍāni		 حَامِضَا
ḥāmiḍā
Accusative حَامِضَيْنِ
ḥāmiḍayni		 الْحَامِضَيْنِ
al-ḥāmiḍayni		 حَامِضَيْ
ḥāmiḍay
Genitive حَامِضَيْنِ
ḥāmiḍayni		 الْحَامِضَيْنِ
al-ḥāmiḍayni		 حَامِضَيْ
ḥāmiḍay
Plural basic broken plural diptote
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal حَوَامِض
ḥawāmiḍ		 الْحَوَامِض
al-ḥawāmiḍ		 حَوَامِض
ḥawāmiḍ
Nominative حَوَامِضُ
ḥawāmiḍu		 الْحَوَامِضُ
al-ḥawāmiḍu		 حَوَامِضُ
ḥawāmiḍu
Accusative حَوَامِضَ
ḥawāmiḍa		 الْحَوَامِضَ
al-ḥawāmiḍa		 حَوَامِضَ
ḥawāmiḍa
Genitive حَوَامِضَ
ḥawāmiḍa		 الْحَوَامِضِ
al-ḥawāmiḍi		 حَوَامِضِ
ḥawāmiḍi

Moroccan Arabic
Root
ح م ض
1 term

Etymology

From Arabic حَامِض (ḥāmiḍ).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ħaː.midˤ/

Noun

حامض • (ḥāmiḍ) m (collective, singulative حامضة f (ḥāmḍa), plural حامضات (ḥāmḍāt))

  1. lemon

Adjective

حامض • (ḥāmiḍ) (feminine حامضة (ḥāmḍa), masculine plural حامضين (ḥāmḍīn), feminine plural حامضات (ḥāmḍāt), elative أحمض (ʔaḥmaḍ) or حمض (ḥmaḍ))

  1. sour
  2. unfunny
    هاد النكتة حامضة بحال ديما.
    hād en-nukta ḥāmḍa bḥāl dīma
    This joke is unfunny as always.

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic حَامِض (ḥāmiḍ, “sour, acidic; acid”).

Adjective

حامض • (hamız)

  1. sour, acid, sharp, or biting to the taste
    Synonym: اكشی (ekşi)

Noun

حامض • (hamız) (plural حامضات (hamızat))

  1. (chemistry) acid, any compound capable of either donating a proton, or forming a covalent bond with an electron pair

Derived terms
  • حامض بروم (hamız-ı brom, “bromic acid”)
  • حامض جبن (hamız-ı cübn, “caseic acid”)
  • حامض قهوه (hamız-ı kahve, “caffeic acid”)
  • حامض كبریت (hamız-ı kibrit, “sulfuric acid”)
  • حامض لیمون (hamız-ı limon, “citric acid”)
  • حامضلاتمق (hamızlatmak, “to acidulate”)
  • حامضلاشمق (hamızlaşmak, “to let be acidulated”)
  • حامضلانمق (hamızlanmak, “to become acid”)
  • حامضی (hamizi, “acid”)

Descendants
  • Turkish: hamız

Further reading

South Levantine Arabic
Root
ح م ض
1 term

Etymology

From Arabic حَامِض (ḥāmiḍ).

Pronunciation 1
  • IPA(key): /ħaː.medˤ/, [ˈħɑː.mɪdˤ]
  • Audio (Ramallah)(file)

Adjective

حامض • (ḥāmeḍ) (feminine حامضة (ḥāmḍa), elative أحمض (ʾaḥmaḍ))

  1. sour
  2. acid
See also
Basic tastes in South Levantine Arabic · طعم (ṭaʕm), ذوق (zōʕ) (layout · text)
حلو (ḥilu) حامض (ḥāmeḍ) مالح (māleḥ) مرّ (murr) حارّ (ḥārr) -

Noun

حامض • (ḥāmeḍ) m (plural حوامض (ḥawāmeḍ))

  1. acid

Pronunciation 2
  • IPA(key): /ħaː.mudˤ/, [ˈħɑː.mʊdˤ]

Noun

حامض • (ḥāmoḍ) m

  1. (Galilee, uncountable) lemons
    Synonym: لمون (lamūn)
    حبّة حامض ― ḥabbet ḥāmod ― a lemon
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.