تاريخ

See also: تاریخ, تأريخ, and تارىخ

Arabic

Etymology

Likely a borrowing from (the broken plural of) a corresponding form II verbal noun formation of Old South Arabian 𐩥𐩧𐩭 (wrḫ /⁠warḫ⁠/, “month; date”) from Proto-Semitic *warḫ- (“moon; month”) not retained in Arabic.

Less common أَرَّخَ (ʔarraḵa, “to date, to write the date”) and its verbal noun تَأْرِيخ (taʔrīḵ) were then formed secondarily.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /taː.riːx/
Audio (file)

Noun

تَارِيخ • (tārīḵ) m (plural تَوَارِيخ (tawārīḵ))

Declension

Declension of noun تَارِيخ (tārīḵ)

Singular	basic singular triptote
Singular	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	تَارِيخ tārīḵ	التَّارِيخ at-tārīḵ	تَارِيخ tārīḵ
Nominative	تَارِيخٌ tārīḵun	التَّارِيخُ at-tārīḵu	تَارِيخُ tārīḵu
Accusative	تَارِيخًا tārīḵan	التَّارِيخَ at-tārīḵa	تَارِيخَ tārīḵa
Genitive	تَارِيخٍ tārīḵin	التَّارِيخِ at-tārīḵi	تَارِيخِ tārīḵi
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	تَارِيخَيْن tārīḵayn	التَّارِيخَيْن at-tārīḵayn	تَارِيخَيْ tārīḵay
Nominative	تَارِيخَانِ tārīḵāni	التَّارِيخَانِ at-tārīḵāni	تَارِيخَا tārīḵā
Accusative	تَارِيخَيْنِ tārīḵayni	التَّارِيخَيْنِ at-tārīḵayni	تَارِيخَيْ tārīḵay
Genitive	تَارِيخَيْنِ tārīḵayni	التَّارِيخَيْنِ at-tārīḵayni	تَارِيخَيْ tārīḵay
Plural	basic broken plural diptote
Plural	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	تَوَارِيخ tawārīḵ	التَّوَارِيخ at-tawārīḵ	تَوَارِيخ tawārīḵ
Nominative	تَوَارِيخُ tawārīḵu	التَّوَارِيخُ at-tawārīḵu	تَوَارِيخُ tawārīḵu
Accusative	تَوَارِيخَ tawārīḵa	التَّوَارِيخَ at-tawārīḵa	تَوَارِيخَ tawārīḵa
Genitive	تَوَارِيخَ tawārīḵa	التَّوَارِيخِ at-tawārīḵi	تَوَارِيخِ tawārīḵi

Derived terms

تَارِيخِيّ (tārīḵiyy)
تَأْرِيخ (taʔrīḵ)
أَرَّخَ (ʔarraḵa)
مُؤَرِّخ (muʔarriḵ)

Descendants

→ Southern Altai: тарых (tarïh)
→ Amharic: ታሪክ (tarik)
→ Bashkir: тарих (tarix)
→ Hausa: tār̃īhī̀
→ Hebrew: תַּאֲרִיךְ (ta'aríkh)
→ Kumyk: тарих (tarix)
→ Kyrgyz: тарых (tarıh)
→ Malay: tarikh
- Indonesian: tarikh
→ Nogai: тарых (tarıx)
→ Persian: تاریخ (târix)
- Tajik: таърих (taʾrix)
- → Assamese: তাৰিখ (tarikh)
- → Bengali: তারিখ (tarikh)
- → Gujarati: તારીખ (tārīkh)
- → Hindustani:
  - Hindi: तारीख़ (tārīx)
  - Urdu: تاریخ (tārīx)
    - → Phalura: taaríx
- → Marathi: तारीख (tārīkh)
- → Telugu: తారీఖు (tārīkhu)
→ Somali: taariikh
→ Swahili: tarehe
→ Tatar: тарих (tarix)
→ Tigrinya: ታሪኽ (tarix)
→ Old Anatolian Turkish: تاریخ (tarix)
- Azerbaijani: tarix
- Ottoman Turkish: تاریخ (tarih)
  - Turkish: tarih
- → Crimean Tatar: tarih
→ Turkmen: taryh
→ Uyghur: تارىخ (tarix)
→ Uzbek: tarix
→ Wolof: taariix

References

Lane, Edward William (1863) “تاريخ”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎, London: Williams & Norgate, page 46b
Wehr, Hans (1979) “ءرخ”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN, page 15b
Weninger, Stefan (2009) “Der Jemen als lexikalisches Ausstrahlungszentrum in der Antike”, in Philologisches und Historisches zwischen Anatolien und Sokotra. Analecta Semitica in memoriam Alexander Sima‎ (in German), Wiesbaden: Otto Harrasowitz, →ISBN, page 399 Nr. 2

South Levantine Arabic

Root
ء ر خ
1 term

Etymology

From Arabic تَارِيخ (tārīḵ).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /taː.riːx/, [tæːˈriːx]

Audio (al-Lidd)

(file)

Noun

تاريخ • (tārīḵ) m (plural تواريخ (tawārīḵ))

history
date

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