ب ر د

Arabic

Etymology 1

From Proto-West Semitic in these three consonants.

Root

ب ر د • (b-r-d)

  1. related to coldness
Derived terms
  • Form I: بَرَدَ (barada, to be cold; to cool off; to rest; to soothe; to become permanent, to become fixed; settled, established)
  • Form I: بَرُدَ (baruda, to be or become cold)
  • Form II: بَرَّدَ (barrada, to cool; to soothe; to weaken, to make languid; to make obligatory)
  • Form V: تَبَرَّدَ (tabarrada, to be cooled, to cool down; to be soothed; to cause an unwell appearance of)
    • Verbal noun: تَبَرُّد (tabarrud)
    • Active participle: مُتَبَرِّد (mutabarrid)
    • Passive participle: مُتَبَرَّد (mutabarrad)
  • Form VIII: اِبْتَرَدَ (ibtarada, to cool off; to wash oneself with cold water)
    • Verbal noun: اِبْتِرَاد (ibtirād)
    • Active participle: مُبْتَرِد (mubtarid)
    • Passive participle: مُبْتَرَد (mubtarad)
  • بَرَد (barad, hail)
  • بَرُود (barūd, (anything) having a cooling effect)
  • بَرِد (barid, cold; hailing)
  • بَارِد (bārid, cold; disagreeable)
  • بَارِدَة (bārida, unpleasant matter; spoil acquired without fatigue, gain made by trade)
  • بَرْدَان (bardān, cold)
  • بُرَاد (burād, weakness of the legs from hunger or fatigue)
  • بَرَّاد (barrād, refrigeration machine; tea-pot)
  • بَرَّادَة (barrāda, jar (for cold water))
  • بُرَادَاء (burādāʔ, ague, shivering fever from cold)
  • إِبْرِدَة (ʔibrida, a kind of coldness disease in the belly)
  • مَبْرَدَة (mabrada, a cause of coldness)
  • مِبْرَدَانَة (mibradāna, cold foodstuff)
  • بِرْدِس (birdis, full of spite, disagreeable, sinister)

Etymology 2

Apparently an Iranian borrowing, regard Classical Persian بریدن (burīdan).

Root

ب ر د • (b-r-d)

  1. related to paring off
Derived terms
  • Form I: بَرَدَ (barada, to file, to pare off)
    • Verbal noun: بَرْد (bard)
    • Active participle: بَارِد (bārid)
    • Passive participle: مَبْرُود (mabrūd)
  • Form X: اِسْتَبْرَدَ (istabrada, to use like a file)
    • Verbal noun: اِسْتِبْرَاد (istibrād)
    • Active participle: مُسْتَبْرِد (mustabrid)
    • Passive participle: مُسْتَبْرَد (mustabrad)

See also

immediately borrowed terms having the present root formula

References

  • Corriente, Federico, Pereira, Christophe, Vicente, Angeles, editors (2017), Dictionnaire du faisceau dialectal arabe andalou. Perspectives phraséologiques et étymologiques (in French), Berlin: De Gruyter, →ISBN, page 121
  • Freytag, Georg (1830) “ب ر د”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum (in Latin), volume 1, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 105
  • Kazimirski, Albin de Biberstein (1860) “ب ر د”, in Dictionnaire arabe-français contenant toutes les racines de la langue arabe, leurs dérivés, tant dans l’idiome vulgaire que dans l’idiome littéral, ainsi que les dialectes d’Alger et de Maroc (in French), Paris: Maisonneuve et Cie, page 107
  • Lane, Edward William (1863) “ب ر د”, in Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate, page 183
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