بیرون
Persian
Etymology
From Middle Persian bylwn' (bērōn, “outside”), synchronically analyzable as بی (bi-, “un-, -less”) + رون (run, “direction, yearning”). The latter component is from Proto-Iranian *raun(a)- (“direction, yearning”), from Proto-Iranian *hraw- (“to stream, flow”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *sraw- (“to stream”), from Proto-Indo-European *srew- (“to stream, flow”).[1]
Pronunciation
Audio (Iran) (file)
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [beː.ˈɾuːn], [biː.ˈɾuːn]
- (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [biː.ɾúːn]
- (Kabuli) IPA(key): [beː.ɾúːn]
- (Hazaragi) IPA(key): [bu.ɾún]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [biː.ɹúːn]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [be.ɾún]
| Readings | |
|---|---|
| Classical reading? | bērūn, bīrūn |
| Dari reading? | bīrūn |
| Iranian reading? | birun |
| Tajik reading? | berun |
Noun
| Dari | بیرون |
|---|---|
| Iranian Persian | |
| Tajik | берун |
بیرون • (birun)
- the outside
- c. 1260, Rumi, “5:3846”, in The Masnavi:
- من روم بیرون شهر
- man ravam birun-e šahr
- I go outside of the city
Preposition
بیرون • (birun)
- outside, out
- c. 1260, Rumi, “2:1943”, in The Masnavi:
- پنبهی وسواس بیرون کن ز گوش، تا به گوشت آید از گردون خروش
- panbe-ye vasvâs birun kon ze guš, tâ be guš-at âyad az gardun xoruš
- take the cotton of whispers [of temptation] out from your ear, so the shouts from Heaven may enter your ears
Derived terms
- بیرون زدن (birun zadan, “to project, to come out”)
Related terms
- بیرونی (biruni, “external”)
References
- Edelʹman, D. I. (2020) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume 6, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, page 397
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