افسر

Persian

Pronunciation
 
  • (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [ʔäf.sǽɾ]
    • (Kabuli) IPA(key): [ʔäf.sǽɾ]
    • (Hazaragi) IPA(key): [ʔäf.sǽɾ]

Readings
Classical reading? afsar
Dari reading? afsar
Iranian reading? afsar
Tajik reading? afsar

Etymology 1

Inherited from Middle Persian [script needed] (’p̄ysl /⁠aꞵesar⁠/). Further possibly containing a deformed prefix to سر (sar, “head”) and a clipped ending after a Proto-Iranian *upasarah.

Noun

افسر • (afsar) (plural افسرها (afsar-hâ))

  1. (archaic) crown, diadem
    Synonyms: تاج (tâj), کلاه (kolâh), دیهیم (deyhim), اکلیل (eklil)
    • 10th Century CE, Ferdowsi, Shahnameh
      که جاوید باد افسر و تخت او
      ز خورشید تابنده‌تر بخت او
      ke jâvid bâd afsar o taxte 'u
      ze xoršid tâbande-tar baxte 'u
      May his crown and throne be ever-lasting
      May his fortune be brighter than the sun
Descendants
  • → Azerbaijani: əfsər
  • → Ottoman Turkish: افسر (efser)
    • Turkish: efser
See also

Etymology 2

Borrowed from English officer.

Noun

افسر • (afsar) (plural افسران (afsarân))

  1. (military, Iran) officer
    Synonym: (Dari) آفیسر (âfiser)

References
  • Dehkhoda, Ali-Akbar (1931–) “افسر”, in Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute, editors, Dehkhoda Dictionary (in Persian), Tehran: University of Tehran Press
  • Henning, W. B. (1977) Selected Papers (Acta Iranica; 14)‎, volume 1, Tehran and Liège: Bibliothèque Pahlavi, page 131: “darf nicht auf *abisarah- (> *ōsär) zurückgeführt werden, vielleicht aber auf *upasarah-”
  • Horn, Paul (1893) Grundriss der neupersischen Etymologie (in German), Strasbourg: K.J. Trübner, page 23 Nr. 99
  • Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892) “افسر”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul, page 83
  • Vullers, Johann August (1855) “افسر”, in Lexicon Persico-Latinum etymologicum cum linguis maxime cognatis Sanscrita et Zendica et Pehlevica comparatum, e lexicis persice scriptis Borhâni Qâtiu, Haft Qulzum et Bahâri agam et persico-turcico Farhangi-Shuûrî confectum, adhibitis etiam Castelli, Meninski, Richardson et aliorum operibus et auctoritate scriptorum Persicorum adauctum‎ (in Latin), volume 1, Gießen: J. Ricker, page 112b
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.